Word List 7

clergy [ˈklɜːrdʒi]

n.牧师；神职人员(priests or ministers)

例  Separation of church and state barred Protestant clergy from the role that priests assumed in Brazil.

派  clerical(a.牧师的；办事员的)

client [ˈklaɪənt]

n.委托人(a person who engages the professional advice or services of another)；顾客(customer)

例  The firm is having difficulty retaining its clients of long standing.

派  clientele(n.诉讼委托人，客户)

cliff [klɪf]

n.悬崖，峭壁(steep, high face of rock, esp. at the edge of the sea)

记  联想记忆：cli(看作climb爬) + ff(像两个钩子) →用钩子在悬崖峭壁上爬→悬崖，峭壁

例  They launched themselves by jumping from cliffs, and dropping from trees.

clinging [ˈklɪŋɪŋ]

a.黏着的(sticky)

记  来自cling(v.粘紧，附着)

例  The workers removed the clinging vine from the brick wall.

clockwise [ˈklɑːkwaɪz]

a./ad.顺时针方向的(地)(in the same direction as the rotating hands of a clock)

记  词根记忆：clock + wise(以…方向) →以钟走的方向→顺时针方向的

例  a clockwise direction顺时针方向

clog [klɑːg]

v.妨碍(to obstruct)；阻塞(to block up)

记  联想记忆：圆木(log)一般很重，搁在c后自然是妨碍(clog)了

例  The recent surge in the number of airplane flights has clogged the nation's air-traffic control system.

clot [klɑːt]

n.凝块(a thickened lump formed within a liquid)；v.使凝结成块(to thicken into a clot)

例  According to a study published in The New England Journal of Medicine, aspirin prevents blood clots just as well as a commonly used and more expensive blood-thinning drug does.

派  cloture(n.讨论终结)

clump [klʌmp]

n.丛，簇(a group of things clustered together)；v.使密集(to form sth. in a group)

记  和lump(n.块，团)一起记

例  The brim of the hat was decorated with a clump of silk flowers.

cluster [ˈklʌstər]

n. (任何的)群，堆，团(number of people, animals or things grouped closely together)；v.使聚集在一起(to surround sb./sth. closely)

记  词根记忆：clust(=clot凝成块) + er →凝块→团

例  clusters of houses房屋建筑群// clustered suburban houses密集的郊区房屋

coalition [ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃn]

n.结合，联合(union)

例  A coalition of lawyers defended the workers in court.

coaster [ˈkoʊstər]

n.杯垫(a small mat that is put underneath a glass or cup to protect the surface of a table)；(供娱乐用的)滑坡铁路

记  来自coast(n.海岸)

例  roller coaster过山车

cocaine [koʊˈkeɪn]

n.可卡因(drug used as a local anaesthetic by doctors, and as a stimulant by drug addicts)

记  词根记忆：coca(古柯) + ine →可卡因

例  Thus enforcement efforts have ironically resulted in an observed increase in the illegal use of cocaine.

code [koʊd]

n.法规(a body of law)；准则(a system of principles or rules)

例  the Education Code教育法// code of ethics道德准则

codify [ˈkɑːdɪfaɪ]

v.整理(法律)(to classify)；系统化(to systematize)

记  来自code(n.法规)

例  Jim Crow laws did not go as far in codifying traditional practice as they might have.

cognitive [ˈkɑːgnətɪv]

a.认知的(of, characterized by, involving, or relating to cognition)

记  词根记忆：cogn(知道) + itive →知道的→认知的

例  cognitive ability认知能力

coherent [koʊˈhɪrənt]

a.连贯的(consistent)；清楚的(having clarity or intelligibility)；附着的，黏在一起的(sticking together)

记  词根记忆：co(一起) + her(黏着，黏附) + ent →附着的

例  The bacteria indeed form a large coherent group.

派  cohesive(a.黏着的); coherence(n.一致)

coinage [ˈkɔɪnɪdʒ]

n.货币，货币制度(system of coins in use)

记  词根记忆：coin(币) + age(行为，结果) →货币

例  Debasement of the coinage had compensated for the loss.

coincide [ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪd]

v.巧合(to concur)；一致，符合(to correspond)

记  词根记忆：co(共同) + in + cide(切) →共同切分→一致，符合

例  The discovery of leavened bread(膨松面包)roughly coincided with the introduction of a wheat variety.

派  coincidence(n.巧合之事); coincident(a.巧合的); coincidental(a.一致的)

collaborate [kəˈlæbəreɪt]

v.协作(to work together)；勾结，通敌(to cooperate treasonably as with an enemy occupation force in one's county)

记  词根记忆：col(一起) + labor(工作) + ate →一起工作→协作

例  The prisoners collaborated to plan the escape.

派  collaboration(n.合作；勾结)

collapse [kəˈlæps]

v./n.崩溃(to break down completely)；失败(to fail completely)

记  词根记忆：col(一起) + lapse(滑，落) →全部滑落→崩溃

例  The local sugar beet(糖用甜菜)industry collapsed in 1902.

同根词：elapse(v.时间流逝); lapse(v./n.失误); relapse(v.旧病复发)

collateral [kəˈlætərəl]

n.抵押品，担保(property pledged by a borrower to protect the interests of the lender)

记  词根记忆：col + later(边) + al →需要一边提供支持的→担保

例  I have no collateral, so the bank probably won't give me a loan.

同根词：bilateral(a.双边的); equilateral(a.等边的)

collective [kəˈlektɪv]

a.集体的(relating to a group or society as a whole)

例  Using our collective resources, we made a bid for the property.

派  collectively(ad.全体地，共同地)

collide [kəˈlaɪd]

v.碰撞；抵触(to clash)

例  Two planes collided in midair.

派  collision(n.碰撞；冲突)

collinear [kəˈlɪnɪr]

a.在同一直线上的(passing through or lying on the same straight line)

记  词根记忆：col(一起) + linear(直线的) →在同一直线上的

例  Three or more points P1, P2, P3..., are said to be collinear if they lie on a single straight line L.

colonize [ˈkɑːlənaɪz]

v.建立殖民地，拓殖(to establish a colony in an area)

记  来自colony(n.殖民地)

例  An ancestral species might have adapted to exploit a particular ecological niche on one island and then traveled over water to colonize other islands.

派  colonization(n.殖民；殖民化)

coloration [ˌkʌləˈreɪʃn]

n.着色法，染色法(the method of dying)；颜色，色泽(color)

记  来自color(n.颜色)

例  Studies of several animal species have shown that when choosing mates, females prefer males with brighter carotenoid-based coloration.

colossal [kəˈlɑːsl]

a.巨大的，庞大的(enormous)

例  Buying computers for an entire company is a colossal expense.

combat [ˈkɑːmbæt]

n.战斗(war, conflict)；v.与…作战；同…斗争(to struggle against)；a.战斗的

记  词根记忆：com + bat(打，战斗) →战斗

例  To combat this problem we must establish a board to censor certain movies. // the combat mortality rates战斗死亡率

派  combatant(n.参战者，战士); combative(a.斗志旺盛的)

同根词：baton(n.警棍); acrobat(n.杂技演员)

combine [kəmˈbaɪn]

v.联合，结合(to join)

记  词根记忆：com(共同) + bi(两个) + ne →使两个在一起→结合

例  Mexican American leaders combined ethnic with contemporary civic symbols.

派  combined(a.组合的); combination(n.组合，化合)

combustion [kəmˈbʌstʃən]

n.燃烧(burning, catching fire)

记  词根记忆：com + bust(燃烧) + ion →燃烧

例  The quick combustion of the dry forest was caused by the lack of rain.

comedian [kəˈmiːdiən]

n.喜剧演员(an actor who plays comic roles)

记  来自comedy(n.喜剧)

例  The evening schedule was crowded with comedians and variety shows.

comet [ˈkɑːmət]

n.彗星

记  联想记忆：come(来) + t →很多年才来一次的星星→彗星

例  They are ejected by the comet.

commend [kəˈmend]

v.推荐(to recommend)；表扬(to praise)

记  词根记忆：com(共同) + mend(命令；委托) →大家都委托他→推荐

例  The employees were commended with a bonus.

commensurate [kəˈmenʃərət]

a.(with)相称的；相当的(corresponding in size, extent, amount, or degree)

记  词根记忆：com(共同) + mensur(测量) + ate →测量相同→相当的

例  Your salary is commensurate with your experience level.

comment [ˈkɑːment]

n.评论，意见(a statement of fact or opinion, especially a remark that expresses a personal reaction or attitude)；v.发表评论(to make a comment on)

记  词根记忆：com(共同) + ment(思考) →一起思考→评论

例  Managers will save time by simply choosing comments from a preexisting list.

派  commentator(n.评论员，解说员)

commerce [ˈkɑːmɜːrs]

n.贸易，商业(the exchange or buying and selling of commodities on a large scale involving transportation from place to place)

记  词根记忆：com(加强) + merce(贸易) →贸易，商业

例  Commerce—its profit-making, its self-interestedness, its individualism—became the enemy of these classical ideals.

派  commercial(a.商业的；n.商业广告)

commercial [kəˈmɜːrʃl]

a.商业的(occupied with or engaged in commerce or work intended for commerce)；n.商业广告(an advertisement broadcast on radio or television)

记  来自commerce(n.贸易；商业)

例  The classical conception of virtuous leadership was being undermined by commercial forces that had been gathering since at least the beginning of the eighteenth century.

派  commercially(ad.商业上)

commission [kəˈmɪʃn]

n.委员会(a group of persons directed to perform some duty)；佣金(fee);

v.委托(to place an order for)

记  词根记忆：com + miss(委派) + ion →委托

例  the International Trade Commission国际贸易委员会// Jean's commission was 5 percent of the total amount of her sales. // This study was commissioned by the Department of Agriculture.

同根词：mission(n.使命); remission(n.缓解；免除)

commit [kəˈmɪt]

v.做；犯(to carry into action deliberately)；交付(to pledge or assign to some particular use)；(使)受约束，致力于(to obligate, bind)

记  词根记忆：com + mit(送) →送给→调配…供使用

例  commit a crime犯罪// They must commit some of their own resources to the choice. // Each partner will remain committed to the relationship.

派  commitment(n.许诺); committed(a.忠于…的，坚定的)

commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt]

n.承诺，许诺(an agreement or pledge to do sth. in the future)

记  词根记忆：commit(使…承担义务) + ment →承诺，许诺

例  Our actions demonstrate not a bias in favor of liberal views but rather a commitment to a balanced presentation of diverse opinions.

同根词：commission(n.委员会)

commodity [kəˈmɑːdəti]

n.商品(an economic good)

记  词根记忆：com + mod(方式，范围) + ity →各种各样的东西→商品

例  The ability to deal with people is as purchasable a commodity as sugar or coffee.

commoner [ˈkɑːmənər]

n.平民(a person without noble rank of title)

记  来自common(a.普通的)

例  The Forbidden City in Beijing was a site which a commoner or foreigner could not enter without any permission.

commonplace [ˈkɑːmənpleɪs]

a.平凡的，普通的(plain and ordinary)；n.平庸的东西，陈词滥调(something that is ordinary or common)

记  联想记忆：common(通常的) + place(地方) →平庸之处→平凡的，普通的

例  By the mid-1850's the inclusion of women in the rituals of party politics had become commonplace. // commonplace book摘录簿

communal [kəˈmjuːnl]

a.全体共用的，共享的(characterized by collective ownership and use of property)

记  词根记忆：com + mun(公共) + al →公共的→共享的

例  The editors shared a set of communal computers for their work.

communist [ˈkɑːmjənɪst]

n.共产党员，共产主义者(an adherent or advocate of communism)；a.共产主义的(of or relating to communism)

记  词根记忆：commun(=commune公社) + ist(人) →在公社工作的人→共产党员

例  Although all the proceedings of the Communist party conference held in Moscow were not carried live, Soviet audiences have seen a great deal of coverage.

同根词：communal(a.公共的)

community [kəˈmjuːnəti]

n.团体；共同体(a unified body of individuals)

记  词根记忆：com(共同) + mun(公共) + ity →共同体

例  Some communities in Florida are populated almost exclusively by retired people. // coral reef communities珊瑚礁群落// business community企业界

commute [kəˈmjuːt]

v.坐公交车往返于两地(to travel back and forth regularly)；变换(to convert)；交换(to exchange)

记  词根记忆：com(共同) + mut(改变) + e →坐车换车→坐公交车往返于两地

例  Children commute to school rather than living on campus.

派  commuter(n.经常往返者)

同根词：mutation(n.突变); immutable(a.不可变的)

compact [ˈkɑːmpækt]

a.紧密的(condensed)；n.契约(an agreement or covenant)

记  词根记忆：com(共同) + pact(打包，压紧) →一起压紧→紧密的；pact本身是一个单词，意为“契约”

例  compact disc光盘// a matrimonial compact婚约

派  compactor(n.压土机); subcompact(n.微型汽车)

companionate [kəmˈpænjənɪt]

a.伙伴的；和睦的(harmoniously)

记  来自company(n.陪伴)

例  a companionate family和睦的家庭

comparable [ˈkɑːmpərəbl]

a.可比较的；比得上的(capable of or suitable for comparison)

记  来自compare(v.比较，相比)

例  Other towns and cities nearby have yet to embark on any comparable plans to attract new citizens.

派  comparability(n.相似性；可比性)

同根词：comparative(a.比较的)

comparison [kəmˈpærɪsn]

n.比较，对照(an examination of two or more items to establish similarities and dissimilarities)；比喻(the representing of one thing or person as similar to or like another)

记  来自compare(v.比较)

例  In comparison to public rest areas, private parking lots near highways tend to be time-consuming for drivers to reach.

同根词：comparative(a.比较的)

compassion [kəmˈpæʃn]

n.同情，怜悯(pity)

记  词根记忆：com + pass(感情) + ion →共同的感情→同情

例  The nurse had compassion for the sick patient.

派  compassionate(a.富于同情心的)

compatible [kəmˈpætəbl]

a.协调的(capable of existing together in harmony)；兼容的(designed to work with another device or system without modification)

记  词根记忆：com(一起) + pat(=path感情) + ible →有共同感受的→协调的

例  Price-fixing and the operation of the free market are not compatible. // Equipment used in the electronic network for transferring funds will be compatible with equipment used in other such networks.

派  compatibility(n.和谐共处)

compel [kəmˈpel]

v. (to)强迫(to force)

记  词根记忆：com + pel(驱使) →驱使去做→强迫

例  This compelled the prisoner to establish a value without much distortion.

派  compelling(a.必须接受的，强迫的)

同根词：repel(v.打退); expel(v.驱逐；开除)

compelling [kəmˈpelɪŋ]

a.引起兴趣的(keenly interesting; captivating)

记  联想记忆：compel(强迫) + ling →事物太优秀迫使人们引起兴趣和注意→引起兴趣的

例  Women therefore have more compelling common interest with men of their own economic class than with women outside it.

compensate [ˈkɑːmpenseɪt]

v.补偿(to equalize)；偿还(to repay)；付报酬(to pay)

记  词根记忆：com + pens(花费) + ate →花费都还回来→补偿

例  A small business is able to cut back sharply on spending and thereby compensate for a loss of revenue.

派  compensation(n.补偿); compensative(a.偿还的，补充的)

同根词：expense(n.支出); dispense(v.分发，分配)

compensation [ˌkɑːmpenˈseɪʃn]

n.补偿(the act of compensating)；赔偿金(payment to unemployed or injured workers or their dependents)；报酬(payment)

记  来自compensate(v.补偿)

例  Most corporate boards' compensation committees focus primarily on peer-group comparisons.

同根词：expenditure(n.消耗，花费)

compensatorily [kəmˈpensətɔːrili]

ad.补偿性地

例  An authority can call things to a halt, and begin things again from compensatorily staggered "starting lines".

competence [ˈkɑːmpɪtəns]

n.能力(the state or quality of being well qualified)

记  词根记忆：com + pet(力争) + ence →能够力争的→能力

例  The most important quality in an employee is not specific knowledge or technical competence.

派  competent(a.能干的); competency(n.能力，资格)

competitive [kəmˈpetətɪv]

a.有竞争性的；比赛的(relating to, characterized by, or based on competition)

记  来自compete(v.竞争；比赛；对抗)

例  At high density levels, however, competitive effects outweigh legitimation effects, discouraging foundings.

派  competitively(ad.有竞争力地；好竞争地)

同根词：competent(a.有能力的)

compile [kəmˈpaɪl]

v.编辑，编撰(to collect and edit into a volume)

记  词根记忆：com(一起) + pile(堆) →堆积在一起加工→编辑

例  Lists of hospitals have been compiled showing which hospitals have patient death rates exceeding the national average.

complacency [kəmˈpleɪsnsi]

n.自满，自得(self-satisfaction especially when accompanied by unawareness of actual dangers or deficiencies)

记  联想记忆：com(共同，所有) + place(地方) + ncy →对自己各个地方都满意→自满，自得

例  They may truly have to struggle against complacency arising from their current success.

complainant [kəmˈplenənt]

n.控诉者(one who complains)；原告(plaintiff)

记  来自complain(v.控诉)

例  The organization acted unfairly toward the complainant in its investigation.

complaint [kəmˈpleɪnt]

n.抱怨，诉苦(expression of grief, pain, or dissatisfaction)；疾病(a bodily ailment or disease)

记  来自complain(v.抱怨)

例  On average, 9 out of every 1,000 passengers who traveled on Avia Airlines last year filed a complaint about our baggage-handling procedures.

complement

[ˈkɑːmplɪment] v.补充(to reinforce)

[ˈk ɑːmplɪmənt] n.补足物(something that fills up, completes, or makes perfect);【生】(血清中的)补体

记  词根记忆：com(加强) + ple(装满，填满) + ment →补充

注意：compliment(v.恭维)

例  John's work complements Larson's theory. // All of the cells in a particular plant start out with the same complement of genes.

派  complementary(a.补充的); complemented(a.有补助物的)

complex [kəmˈpleks]

a.复杂的(complicated)

记  词根记忆：com(一起) + plex(重叠，多) →重叠在一起的→复杂的

例  The most effective leaders are those who can solve complex problems by finding simple, immediate solutions.

派  complexity(n.复杂；复杂的事物)

complication [ˌkɑːmplɪ ˈkeɪʃn]

n.并发症(a secondary disease or condition developing in the course of a primary disease or condition)；复杂，复杂化(complexity)

记  来自complicate(v.使复杂化)

例  They have been used primarily by older adults, who are at risk for complications from influenza.

comply [kəmˈplaɪ]

v. (with)遵循(to conform, submit, or adapt as required)

记  词根记忆：com(一起) + ply(用) →大家一起都要用的→遵循

例  A good citizen complies with the laws of the country.

派  compliance(n.依从，顺从)

component [kəmˈpoʊnənt]

n.成分(ingredient)；要素(element)

记  词根记忆：com(一起) + pon(放置) + ent →放置在一起的东西→成分

例  The most effective way for managers to assign work is to divide complex tasks into their simpler component parts.

compose [kəmˈpoʊz]

v. (of)组成(to form by putting together)；使安定(to calm)

记  词根记忆：com(一起) + pose(放) →放到一起→组成

例  The stars in the Milky Way galaxy are composed of several different types of gas.

派  composer(n.作家，设计者); composition(n.组成，合成物；作文)

composition [ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃn]

n.作文；作曲；构成(the manner in which sth. is composed)

记  来自compose(v.组成，构成；作曲)

例  Geochemist John Gurney showed that garnets with this composition were formed only in the diamond-stability field.

同根词：composite(n.复合材料；a.复合的)

compound [ˈkɑːmpaʊnd]

n.混合物，化合物(something formed by a union of elements or parts)；a.

混合的(composed of or resulting from union of separate elements, ingredients, or parts)

记  词根记忆：com(一起) + pound(放) →混合物

例  Water is a chemical compound of oxygen and hydrogen.

comprehend [ˌkɑːmprɪ ˈhend]

v.理解，领会(to understand)；包含(to include)

记  词根记忆：com(一起) + prehend(抓住) →一起抓住→领会

例  They assume that commercial institutions cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprises.

同根词：prehensile(a.适于抓住的); comprehensible(a.容易了解的)

comprehension [ˌkɑːmprɪ ˈhenʃn]

n.理解(the act or action of grasping with the intellect)；包含(the act or process of comprising)

记  词根记忆：com(加强) + prehens(抓) + ion →全部抓住→理解

例  Each of the reading comprehension questions is based on the content of a passage.

同根词：apprehend(v.理解；逮捕)

compress [kəmˈpres]

v.压缩，浓缩(to press or squeeze together)

记  词根记忆：com(共同) + press(压) →全部压→压缩

例  A transmitter compresses the digital signal as it is sent.

派  compression(n.压缩)

comprise [kəmˈpraɪz]

v.包含(to include)；组成(to make up, compose)

记  词根记忆：com(共同) + pris(握取) + e →被握在一起→包含；组成

例  In the country, women comprise 45 percent of the labor force.

compromise [ˈkɑːmprəmaɪz]

v.妥协(to settle by concessions)；n.折衷(settlement of differences by consent reached by mutual concessions)

记  词根记忆：com(共同) + promise(保证) →相互保证→妥协

例  The legislation that came out of Congress was a compromise measure.

You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success.

人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。

——美国演员卓别林(Charles Chaplin, American actor)