03 拜登政府酝酿3万亿美元新支出计划

即将提交给总统的这项计划主要将投资于基础设施、清洁能源和教育方面。它将标志着拜登经济议程的第二阶段。

全文共527个词，by James Politi, Lauren Fedor in Washington

Joe Biden is set to consider a plan from his top advisers to plough roughly $3tn in additional government spending into the US economy for investments in infrastructure, clean energy and education, two people familiar with the matter said on Monday.

两名知情人士周一表示，美国总统乔·拜登（Joe Biden）将考虑其高级顾问提出的一项计划，即通过增加政府支出，向美国经济中再投入约3万亿美元，主要投资于基础设施、清洁能源和教育方面。

The additional fiscal support for the US recovery would closely track Biden’s 2020 presidential election pledges to tackle some of the major structural deficiencies afflicting the US economy. It is expected to be partially offset by increases in taxes on wealthy households and US corporations.

这项财政计划将为美国经济提供额外支持，并将贴合拜登在2020年总统大选中作出的承诺，即解决美国经济中的一些重大结构性缺陷。预计其中部分资金将来自针对富裕家庭和美国企业的增税。

It would represent the second stage of Biden’s ambitious economic agenda, after Congress approved a$1.9tn stimulus plan to deliver immediate relief to households during the pandemic.

上述计划将标志着拜登雄心勃勃的经济议程的第二阶段。此前，美国国会批准了一项1.9万亿美元的刺激计划，向疫情期间的美国家庭提供紧急援助。

Biden’s advisers have turned to infrastructure and education investment plans in recent weeks, and are expected to present the president with more detailed proposals this week. People familiar with the matter said Biden had not yet signed off on any specifics, and nothing has been finalised.

拜登的顾问们最近几周将注意力转向基础设施和教育投资计划，预计本周将向总统提交更详细的提案。知情人士表示，拜登尚未认可任何具体措施，一切都尚无定论。

“President Biden and his team are considering a range of potential options for how to invest in working families and reform our tax code so it rewards work, not wealth,” Jen Psaki, the White House press secretary, said. “Those conversations are ongoing, so any speculation about future economic proposals is premature and not a reflection of the White House’s thinking.”

“拜登总统和他的团队正在考虑一系列可能的选项，针对如何把资金投入到工薪家庭，并改革我们的税法，以奖励工作、而非财富，”白宫新闻秘书珍·萨基（Jen Psaki）说，“这些讨论仍在进行中，所以任何关于未来经济提案的猜测都言之过早，不能反映白宫的想法。”

Biden had previously said he wanted to present his multitrillion-dollar investment package as early as February, but that goal was quickly sidelined as White House officials and lawmakers focused on passing the $1.9tn coronavirus stimulus package.

拜登此前曾表示，他希望最早于2月推出规模达数万亿美元的投资计划，但这一目标很快被搁置到一边，原因是白宫官员和国会议员都把注意力放在通过1.9万亿美元的新冠刺激计划上。

Clinching congressional approval for a massive new round of spending with razor-thin majorities for Democrats in both the House of Representatives and the Senate may be even more difficult than it was for the stimulus package.

民主党在参众两院都只占有微弱多数席位，想要在国会通过新一轮大规模支出计划，可能要比通过新冠刺激计划困难得多。

Although Republicans on Capitol Hill have often expressed an interest in approving more infrastructure spending, they have balked at tax increases and other domestic spending initiatives.

虽然国会山的共和党人常常表示有兴趣批准更多的基础设施支出，但他们对增税和其他国内支出提议并不感冒。

During the presidential campaign, Biden proposed increasing the corporate tax rate from 21 per cent to 28 per cent, as well as raising individual taxes on Americans earning more than $400,000 per year.

拜登曾在总统竞选期间提议将企业税税率从21%提高至28%，并提高针对年收入超过40万美元者的个人所得税。

Mitch McConnell, the Republican Senate minority leader, ripped into the White House’s nascent investment plans on Monday, calling them a “Trojan horse for massive tax hikes and other job-killing, leftwing policies”.

共和党籍参议院少数党领袖米奇·麦康奈尔（Mitch McConnell）周一猛烈抨击了白宫正在酝酿的投资计划，称其为“暗藏大规模增税和其他扼杀就业的左翼政策的特洛伊木马”。

McConnell then referred back to the economic policies of former president Donald Trump, saying they had yielded better results in the pre-pandemic era.

麦康奈尔随后回顾了前总统唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）的经济政策，称这些政策在疫情爆发前那段时期产生了更好的效果。

“Wages were growing faster at the bottom than the top. Unemployment was at historic lows. American workers were a hot commodity and were getting compensated accordingly,” he said. “Pro-worker prosperity does not entail having big government politicians or big labour bosses micro manage every aspect of the economy to suit liberal fads.”

“（那一时期）底层收入群体的工资增长速度快于顶层群体。失业率处于历史低点。美国工人很抢手，他们获得了相应的报酬，”他说，“要创造有利于工人的繁荣，并不需要让‘大政府’的政客或大雇主来微观管理经济的每一个方面，以迎合自由主义的潮流。”

The New York Times first reported that Biden’s economic advisers were close to presenting the president with an investment plan worth $3tn this week, noting that they were considering splitting it into two separate packages.

《纽约时报》（The New York Times）最先报道称，拜登的经济顾问或在本周内向总统提交一项规模3万亿美元的投资计划，并指他们正在考虑将该计划分为两项独立的方案。

The first would be focused on traditional infrastructure and clean energy investments, while the second would be centred around child care and education investments, including funding for universal pre-kindergarten courses and free community college.

第一项方案将聚焦传统基础设施和清洁能源投资，而第二项方案将围绕儿童护理和教育投资，包括为普及性的学前教育课程和免费社区大学提供资金。