Smart cities spread across the globe

According to the Smart City Tracker 2018 report by Navigant Research (https://www.navigantresearch.com/news-and-views/navigant-research-identifies-355-smart-city-projects-in-221-cities-around-the-world) over 221 cities worldwide implemented at least one smart city project in 2018. The city of Chicago, for instance, implemented the Array of Things project that resulted in the installation of over 500 multifunctional sensors on lampposts within the city. Sensors measure temperature, barometric pressure, light, vibration, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, ambient sound intensity, pedestrian and vehicle traffic, and surface temperature (source: https://arrayofthings.github.io/faq.html). Smart cities are also now embracing the concept of open data, providing citizens with access to data collected through IoT sensors. Amsterdam, for example, provides citizens with the ability to look up all open data projects across the city.

Other examples of smart city innovations include networked LED street lights and clean and efficient buildings. The city of San Diego, for example, created the Smart City Open Urban Platform (SCOUP) to track and reduce greenhouse gas emissions across the city's real-estate portfolio (https://www.sandiego.gov/sustainability/smart-city).

Smart Cities represent a complex IoT example as they bring together systems of systems to meet numerous goals. Organizations such as Securing Smart Cities (https://securingsmartcities.org/) have sprouted up to provide guidance to city officials on how to choose and securely implement technologies.