Day 1

英文重现

Mandatory recycling programs aren't good for posterity.They offer mainly short-term benefits to a few groups-like politicians and waste-handling corporations-while diverting money from genuine social and environmental problems.

——SAT 2005年3月题，Section 2

解析

1.“divert sb./sth.from”表示“使某物/某人从……转移开”。

2.两个破折号用在一个解释性的插入语前后，相当于一个括号或者两个逗号，句子中的“like politicians and waste-handling corporations”即是对前面的“a few groups”进行进一步的举例说明。

3.“while”引导的从句其谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。在这里“while”引导的时间状语从句省略了主语和谓语动词“they are”，之所以可以做这样的省略是因为“divert”这个动作和主句里的“offer”这个动作一样，都是由“they”（代词“they”在这里指代“Mandatory recycling programs”）发出的，为了使句子简洁所以省略了。类似的例子有：

a.The boy slipped on the floor while cooking in the kitchen.（在厨房做饭时，男孩滑倒了。）相当于“The boy slipped on the floor while he is cooking in the kitchen”。

b.I never hesitate when asked to help.（在别人需要我帮助时我从不犹豫。）相当于“I never hesitate when I am asked to help”。

当“while/when”后面的主语与主句主语不一致时，不可以省略；如果省略，句子的意思会发生改变，例如下面这句话：

The boy slipped on the floor while his mother was cooking in the kitchen.（当他的妈妈在厨房做饭时，男孩在地板上滑倒了。）

这句话主句的主语是“The boy”，而从句的主语是“his mother”，如果把从句的主语省略掉，这个句子就变成了“The boy slipped on the floor while cooking in the kitchen”，意思是“男孩在厨房做饭时在地板上滑倒了”，那么做饭的人就成了男孩而不是他的妈妈了。

词意辨析

参考翻译

强制性废品回收利用项目对后代子孙无益。它们主要是为少数群体提供短期利益——比如政客和废品处理公司——将钱从真正的社会和环境问题上转移到别处。

实战演练

Mandatory recycling programs aren't good for posterity.They offer mainly short-term benefits to a few groups-like politicians and waste-handling corporations-while diverting money from genuine social and environmental problems.Recycling programs actually consume resources.They require extra administrators and a continual public relations campaign explaining what to do with dozens of different products-recycle milk jugs but not milk cartons,index cards but not construction paper.Collecting a ton of recyclable items is three times more expensive than collecting a ton of garbage because crews pick up less material at each stop.Recycling may be the most wasteful activity in the modern United States:a waste of time and money,a waste of human and natural resources.

This passage focuses primarily on recycling's____.

(A)philosophical foundations

(B)economic impact

(C)popular appeal

(D)moral implications

(E)environmental benefits

答案：B

答案解析

这是一道段落主旨题。题目重点是问this passage的主旨内容。从文中句子提到的“为少数群体提供短期利益”及“将钱从真正的社会和环境问题上转移到别处”可以得知，本段要讨论的应该是“与钱有关的方面”，而五个选项中，只有选项B“经济影响”和选项E“环境利益”是与钱有关的，但选项E与“将钱从真正的社会和环境问题上转移到别处”相反，因此只有选项B正确。其他选项的意思为：选项A“哲学基础”；选项C“广泛吸引力”；选项D“道德含义”。