Section 3 Advanced 高级飞跃
万用表达一览
□We tend to..． 我们倾向于……
□such a“hot” topic among 在……之间……是非常热门的话题
□The short answer is..． 简单地说就是
□answers to age-old questions 回答古老（由来已久）的问题
□The issue here is 这里的问题是，问题在于
□read subtle body language 看懂微妙的肢体语言
□buy into 相信
□avoid misunderstandings 避免误解
□I can't vouch for all of it． 我不能保证全部（内容）的真实性/正确性。
□make for ……有助于，走向
□engage people in face-to-face conversations 进行面对面交流
□greatly expand 大大增加，极大地扩大
万用表达详解
1. We tend to...
释 We are inclined to..．我们倾向于……
例 We tend to increasingly ignore bad behavior.
我们有越来越忽视不良行为的倾向。
2. such a“hot” topic among
释 such a controversial topic among在……之间……是非常热门的话题
例 The economy is a“hot” topic among people of all ages these days.现在，无论是在什么年龄段，经济都是一个热门话题。
3. The short answer is...
释 a brief answer/put simply简单地说就是
例 A: How can I improve my English fluency more rapidly?我怎样才能更快地提高自己的英语口语流利度？
B: The short answer is practice.
简单地说就是练习。
4. answers to age-old questions
释 answer questions that have been asked for ages/a long time回答古老（由来已久）的问题
例 Scientists have been delving into some age-old questions and have come up with some surprising answers.
科学家们深入研究由来已久的问题，并给出了一些惊人的答案。
5. The issue here is
释 the matter at hand is这里的问题是，问题在于
例 The issue here is whether or not there's a market for this product.这里的问题在于这种产品是否有市场。
6. read subtle body language
释 read body language that is not very noticeable看懂微妙的肢体语言
例 It takes years to become a master at reading subtle body language.
想成为解读微妙肢体语言的大师，要花几年的时间。
7. buy into
释 accept/believe相信
例 I could tell he wasn't buying into the plan. He had serious doubts about it.
我能看出他不相信这个计划，他对此很怀疑。
8. avoid misunderstandings
释 try not to cause misunderstandings避免误解
例 We should try to make an effort to get to know each other better. That will help us all avoid misunderstandings in our day-to-day dealings with each other.
我们应该努力去更好地了解对方，这可以帮助我们在日常工作中避免误解。
9. I can't vouch for all of it.
释 I can't guarantee the authenticity/correctness of all of it．我不能保证全部（内容）的真实性/正确性。
例 A: What's your take on this new book, claiming we're all in for some nasty global weather?
你对这本新书有什么看法？书上说我们会遇到一些恶劣的全球性气候。
B: I can't vouch for all of it.
我不能保证全部内容的真实性。
10. make for
释 promote/have the effect of... ……有助于，走向
例 The invention of gunpowder by the Chinese is a decisive moment in world history and makes for interesting reading as well.
中国人发明的火药在世界历史上具有里程碑意义，也给阅读提供了有趣的素材。
11. engage people in face-to-face conversations
释 have face-to-face conversations with people进行面对面交流
例 Following a huge spike in online chatting, psychologists are advising people to engage in more face-to-face conversations.
随着网上聊天的飞速发展，心理学家建议人们多进行面对面的交流。
12. greatly expand
释 greatly increase大大增加，极大地扩大
例 The Internet has greatly expanded our knowledge but has also undermined our sense of certainty.
网络极大地拓展了我们的知识，但也加深了我们的不确定感。
实用对话场景
Bob: We are all communicators. Wouldn't you agree?
Tina: Yes.But we communicate in different ways.We tend to use more body language than verbal language to express ourselves.
Bob: So that's why body language is such a“hot”topic among scientists, consumer research groups, and people working in sales and marketing. But tell me, why do you think it's so important?
Tina: The short answer is revenue. With more and more money devoted to consumer research,scientists can help find answers to the age-old questions:Why do we buy?Why don't we buy? Companies and department stores then use that research to induce customers to spend more.But the issue here is not just about buying a commodity. It's also about communication.
Bob: I see. So, if I know and understand all the signals a person makes, then I can understand the unspoken communication and respond in the right way.
Tina: Yes.Most of us can't read subtle body language very well.This subtle body language will tell us whether a person will buy or not,buy into or not buy into what you're selling or proposing.
Bob: It can also tell us if someone is being truthful or lying to us.
Tina: Right. I for one, would encourage people to learn as much as they can about body language around the world. This can help them avoid or even eliminate misunderstandings that arise in day-to-day dealings with people.
Bob: There's a lot of popular literature about body language and interpretations of body language out there.
Tina: I know.I can't vouch for all of it,but some of it can make for interesting readings. The best way to really understand body language is to engage people in face-to-face conversations as much as possible.Traveling will also greatly expand your knowledge on the subject.
Bob: I think that's really useful advice.
鲍勃：我们都是交流者，难道你不同意吗？
蒂娜：同意，但我们用不同的方式沟通。相比有声语言，我们更倾向于用肢体语言来表达自己。
鲍勃：这就是肢体语言在科学家、消费者调查团体及销售和市场营销人员当中如此热门的原因。但告诉我，为什么你觉得它们很重要呢？
蒂娜：简单地说就是收入。随着越来越多的钱投入到市场调查当中，科学家们可以找到这些由来已久的问题的答案：我们为什么买？我们为什么不买？然后，各类公司和百货商店都在利用这类市场调查来诱导顾客多购物。但这里要讨论的不只是购买某个商品的事情，还涉及交流的问题。
鲍勃：我明白了，所以如果我能掌握并理解一个人所发出的信号，那么我就能听懂这些无声的信息，并正确地做出回应了。
蒂娜：是的，我们大多数人都不是很懂微妙的身体语言。这种微妙的身体语言会告诉我们一个人是否愿意购买、是否相信你向他们推销或建议购买的东西。
鲍勃：这也可以告诉我们一个人是在说真话还是在说谎。
蒂娜：对，我个人会鼓励人们尽可能多地学习世界各地的肢体语言，这有助于让人们避免甚至消除在日常交流中产生误解。
鲍勃：市面上有很多关于肢体语言及其诠释的通俗文学。
蒂娜：我知道。虽然我不能保证它们全部都真实，但其中有不少是有趣的读物。真正地理解肢体语言的最好的方法是尽量多地进行面对面的交流，旅游也能够大大增长你这方面的知识。
鲍勃：我觉得这建议很管用。
跨文化交际小常识
从每24小时运送的乘客数量、所覆盖的面积、线路数、车站数量以及站与站之间距离等方面来衡量，世界地铁第一的位置当属伦敦地铁（London Underground）。它是欧洲最大、也是最古老的地铁网络，从1863年开始运营，全长253英里(约合407公里)，每年运送乘客近10亿人次。巴黎地铁（Paris Metro）也是世界最好的地铁之一，和它的高效相比，乘客们更为津津乐道的是每个站点独特的艺术设计。纽约地铁（New York City Subway，简称NYCS）的好评度有所下降是因为它是世界上票价最贵的地铁之一，也是最不安全和最不卫生的地铁。近年来亚洲地铁在世界的排名有所上升，包括有282个站点的东京地铁（Tokyo Metro）和堪称世界上最拥挤的地铁之一的首尔地铁（Seoul Subway）。
读书笔记
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