Word List 18

nearby/ ˌnIəˋbaI / adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近

[例] There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby. 有位老人静静地坐在附近的长凳上。

inspect/ Inˋspekt / vt. 检查；审视

[记] 词根记忆：in（进入）+spect（看）→进去看→检查；审视

[例] He inspected the car for signs of rust. 他检查了汽车，看看有没有生锈的迹象。

[参] inspection（n. 检查，视察）

modern/ ˋmɒdn / adj. 现代的，近代的；时尚的

[记] 发音记忆：“摩登”→时尚的；现代的

[例] In big modern cities there are high buildings and wide roads everywhere. 现代化的大都市里到处都是高楼大厦和宽阔的马路。

mistake/ mIˋsteIk / v.（mistook, mistaken, mistaking） 弄错 n. 错误

[记] 词根记忆：mis（错）+take（拿）→拿错→弄错

[考] 1. make a mistake/make mistakes犯错误2. by mistake 错误地： His luggage was removed by mistake. 他的行李被误拿了。3. mistake...for... 错把…当做…

[参] mistaken（adj. 错误的）；mistakenly（adv. 错误地）

for/ fɔː / prep. 为了；在…期间；对于 conj. 因为，由于

[例] I cooked dinner for Mary. 我给玛丽做了晚饭。// I could not stay for the whole concert. 我不能整场音乐会都在场。

[考] 1. pay for 为…付款 2. be for 支持，赞成 3. look for 寻找 4. care for 关心；喜欢；照顾 5. stand for 代表

chain/ tʃeIn / n. 链，链条

[考] a chain of 一系列的：a chain of misfortunes 一连串的灾难

intention/ Inˋtenʃn / n. 计划，意图，目的

[记] 词根记忆：in（进入）+tent（张开）+ion→进入扩张的状态→意图，目的

[例] Lily had no intention of going to see her husband in jail. 莉莉无意去看监狱中的丈夫。

electrical/ IˋlektrIkl / adj. 与电有关的，电气的

[记] 词根记忆：electr（电）+ical（形容词后缀）→与电有关的，电气的

[例] an electrical engineer 电气工程师

round/ raʊnd / adv. 转过来 prep. 环绕一周，围着 adj. 圆的，球形的

[例] We were sitting round the fire, eating and talking. 我们围坐在炉火边，边吃边谈。

[考] 1. look round 环顾；观察 2. get round 避免；说服；走动；传开来 3. go round 流行，传播 4. all year round 终年，一年到头 5. a round trip 往返旅行

reply/ rIˋplaI / n./vi.（replied, replied, replying） 回答，答复

[考] reply to 回答，做出反应： Many people replied to our advertisement. 许多人都对我们的广告做出了反应。

around/ əˋraʊnd / adv. 在周围；在附近；大约；掉头 prep. 在…周围；绕着

[例] The old man turned around to see who was calling him on his way home. 在回家的路上，老人转过身来看谁在叫他。

flood/ flʌd / n. 洪水 v. 淹没，泛滥

[记] 联想记忆： 血（blood） 流成河（flood）

[考] 1. flood in/into 大量涌入： Letters flooded into the office. 信件潮水般涌入办公室。2. a flood/floods of 大量的

depend/ dIˋpend / vi. 依靠，指望；取决于

[记] 词根记忆：de+pend（悬挂）→悬而未决→取决于

[考] depend on 依靠，指望： Some animals and plants depend on each other for existence. 一些动物和植物相互依存。

course/ kɔːs / n. 过程，经过；课程

[例] science courses 理科课程

[考] of course 当然

realize/ ˋriːəlaIz / vt. 认识到；实现

[记] 词根记忆：real（真实的） +ize（使…） →使变得真实→实现

[例] I failed in the final examination last term and only then did I realize the importance of study. 上学期期末考试我没有通过，直到那时我才意识到学习的重要性。

share/ ʃeə / v. 分享，共同使用 n. 一份；股份

[例] The manufacturer and the dealer shared in the expense of advertising.制造商与经销商共同承担广告费用。// They sell shares in companies at the stock exchange. 他们在证券交易所出售公司股票。

[考] share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物： She shared all her knowledge with the whole scientific world. 她将自己的全部知识与整个科学界共享。

lock/ lɒk / n. 锁 vt. 锁，锁上

[记] 联想记忆： 著名保鲜盒品牌： Lock Lock（乐扣乐扣）

[例] It's Linda's turn to lock the classroom door this week. 这周轮到琳达锁教室的门。

physical/ ˋfIzIkl / adj. 身体的；物理的；客观存在的

[记] 词根记忆：physi（自然）+cal（…的）→客观存在的

[例] physical condition 身体状况 // physical means 物理方法

[参] physically（adv. 身体上地）

watch/ wɒtʃ / n. 手表 v. 观察，观看

[用] watch sb. do/doing sth. 观看某人做某事： The students watched the teacher do the experiment. 学生们观看老师做实验。注意： 当使用被动语态时，动词不定式符号to不能省略。上句可以改写为： The teacher was watched to do the experiment. 除了watch之外，see, hear, observe等动词也有类似的用法。

[考] watch out 小心，注意

desert/ dIˋzɜːt / v. 舍弃，遗弃 / ˋdezət / n. 沙漠

[记] 词根记忆：de（使没有）+sert（加入）→使不再加入→使离开→遗弃

[例] The mother dog deserted the puppy. 那只母狗遗弃了小狗。

[参] dessert（n. 甜点）；deserted（adj. 无人的；荒废的）

visit/ ˋvIzIt / n./v. 参观，访问，拜访

[例] Visiting time in this hospital is from 3 pm to 5 pm. 这家医院的探望时间为下午3点至5点。

[考] pay a visit to 去参观；拜访

[参] visitor（n. 访问者，参观者）

beneficial/ ˌbenIˋfIʃl / adj. 有益的，受益的

[记] 词根记忆：bene（善，好）+fic（做）+ial（…的）→做好事的→有益的

[用]（be） beneficial to... 对…有益： A temperate climate is beneficial to the health. 温和的气候有益健康。

warmth/ wɔːmθ / n. 温暖，暖和；热烈，热情，热心

[例] Visitors were touched by the warmth and hospitality of the local people. 当地人的热心和友好感动了观光者。

climb/ klaIm / v. 爬，攀登

[例] A group of friends climbed to the top of the mountain together at noon. 一群朋友一起在中午登上了山顶。

pretend/ prIˋtend / v. 假装，装作

[记] 词根记忆：pre（预先）+tend（趋向）→预先就有了趋向→假装

[用] 1. pretend to do/be 假装…： She pretended to be interested in his story. 她假装对他的故事感兴趣。注意：pretend的宾语不能用doing的形式。2. pretend+that 假装…： He pretended that he hadn't heard it. 他假装没听见。

crossing/ ˋkrɒsIŋ / n. 十字路口；人行横道

[例] An accident took place at this crossing last night. 昨晚这个十字路口发生了一起事故。

departure/ dIˋpɑːtʃə / n. 离开；背离；违反

[用] departure from从…离开；背离…： That is a thorough departure from the traditional diet of vegetables, rice and little meat. 这与吃蔬菜、米饭和少量肉类的传统饮食完全背道而驰。

result/ rIˋzʌlt / n. 结果，效果

[例] The manager made a big mistake, and, as a result, lost one million dollars. 经理犯了一个大错，结果损失了100万美元。

[考] 1. as a result of 由于 2. as a result 结果

careless/ ˋkeələs / adj. 粗心的；漫不经心的

[记] 词根记忆：care（关心）+less（少的）→缺少关心→粗心的；漫不经心的

[例] I think that a careless driver is a threat to people's life. 我认为粗心的驾驶员对人们的生命构成了威胁。

scold/ skəʊld / vt. 责骂，谴责

[记] 联想记忆：s+cold（冷） →冷酷无情→责骂

[考] scold sb. for sth.为某事责骂某人： The teacher scolded Jimmy for running in the classroom. 老师因为吉米在教室中跑批评了他。

of/ ɒv / prep. …的

[用] 1. 表示范围： Of all choices, this is the best. 所有选择中，这是最好的。2. “of + 抽象名词”相当于这个名词的同根形容词，如：of importance=important, 这类抽象名词还有value, use, help等。

[例] The result of the experiment was very good. 实验的结果非常理想。//the city of Beijing 北京市 // an old friend of mine 我的一个老朋友

enter/ ˋentə / v. 进入

[例] Susan entered the advertising business after college. 苏珊大学毕业后进了广告行业。

[考] 1. enter a school 入学 2. enter a country 进入一个国家 3. enter into 进入 4. enter for 报名参加（考试、比赛等）

[参] entry（n. 进入；入口）

off/ ɒf / prep./adv. 离开，走开

[例] have/take a day off 休息一天

[考] 1. put off 推迟，脱下 2. turn off 关掉；使转变方向 3. take off 起飞 4. get off 下车 5. let off 投放（炸弹） ，排放 6. give off 发出，放出（蒸汽、气味等） 7. set off 出发，使爆炸 8. shut off 关掉，切断 9. show off 炫耀 10. live off 靠…生活 11. cut off 切断，隔绝 12. run off 逃跑，溜掉 13. go off 离开，消失 14. send off 寄出；派遣 15. be off one' s head 神经错乱

gain/ geIn / v. 获得，挣得 n. 收获

[记] 联想记忆： 及时雨（rain） 给庄稼带来好收成（gain）

[例] gain some experience 获得经验 // No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。

disabled/ dIsˋeIbld / adj. 残疾的

[记] 词根记忆：dis（不）+able（能干的）+d→不能干的→残疾的

[参] disable（vt. 使失去能力；使不起作用）；disability（n. 残疾）

fence/ fens / n. 栅栏，篱笆

[例] A fence is built for the safety of the area. 修建栅栏是为了确保该地区的安全。

deep/ diːp / adj. 深的；深厚的；沉睡的；渊博的 adv. 深深地；在深处

[例] deep sleep 熟睡 // deep breath 深呼吸 // deep knowledge 渊博的知识 // They sat and talked deep into the night. 他们坐着谈话，一直谈到深夜。

[参] deeply（adv. 深深地）

单元自测题

1. ______ your step, or you might fall into the water.

A. Care

B. Notice

C. See

D. Watch

2. — It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.

— Well, you know what they say “ ______.”（2006江苏）

A. Thee is no smoke without fire

B. Practice makes perfect

C. All roads lead to Rome

D. No pains, no gains

3. Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are ______ everyone's enjoyment.（2010北京）

A. in

B. at

C. for

D. to

4. It is not my ______ to argue with you.

A. aim

B. goal

C. intention

D. object

5. “I don't think it's my ______ that the TV blew up. I just turned it on; that's all”，said the boy.（2003上海）

A. error

B. mistake

C. fault

D. duty

6. Excuse me. I ______ I was blocking your way.（2010全国2卷）

A. didn't realize

B. don't realize

C. haven't realized

D. wasn't realizing

7. Jenny nearly missed the flight ______ doing too much shopping.（2009全国2卷）

A. as a result of

B. on top of

C. in front of

D. in need of

8. — It's a long time since I saw my sister.

— ______ her this weekend?（2007全国1卷）

A. Why not visit

B. why not to visit

C. Why not visiting

D. Why don't visit

9. Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mis⁃takes?（2009湖北）

A. look around

B. look into

C. look up

D. look through

10. — I always look out when crossing the street.

— You're right. You cannot be too ______.

A. nervous

B. careless

C. hurried

D. careful

11. — Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?

— ______. Ours is much stronger than theirs.（2010江苏）

A. Of course

B. It depends

C. Don't mention it !

D. By no means

12. It was already past midnight and only three young men ______ in the tea house.（2006安徽）

A. left

B. remained

C. delayed

D. deserted

13. If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my ______ reaction will be to tell the police.（2010湖北）

A. physical

B. immediate

C. sensitive

D. sudden

14. You may not have played very well today, but at least you've got through to the next round and ______.（2007江苏）

A. tomorrow never comes

B. tomorrow is another day

C. never put off till tomorrow

D. there is no tomorrow

15. — Excuse me, may I ask you some questions?

— Sorry, I'm too busy and haven't even a minute to ______.

A. spend

B. spare

C. share

D. stop

答案：DDCCB AAADD DBBBB