45 bank on; calculate on; calculate upon; count on; count upon; depend on; depend upon; dependant on; dependant upon; lean on; lean upon; look to; reckon on; reckon upon; rely on; rely upon; rest on; rest upon

● 以上词组一般作“依靠”之意，多数情况可互换，一般为动介型（只有dependent on为形容词词组）。

● bank on多用于口语，后可接名词、代词、ing分词作宾语，宾语后有时可加不定式或ing分词构成复合结构，常与calculate on, calculate upon互换。如：I’d like to come with you but that’s not a promise; don’t bank on it.（我愿和你去，但还没确定，你不要太认真。）You can bank on his going.（你放心，他会去的。）Don’t bank on [calculate on; calculate upon] going abroad this summer. We may not have enough money.（别指望今年夏天出国啦，我们的钱不够。）We can’t bank on his support.（我们不能靠他的支持。）

● calculate on和calculate upon属美国英语，其含义和用法和bank on相同，一般可互换。如：We calculate on her help.（我们就靠她帮忙了。）They calculated upon making an early start.（他们指望一早就出发。）Don’t calculate on him agreeing with you.（别指望他会同意你的意见。）We had not calculated upon any prob with the application.（我们没料想到在申请上会出问题。）

● count on和count upon可互换，又因其含义、结构和用法同bank on，故也可和bank on互换。比较而言，count on与count upon更常用。如：We can’t count on fine weather.（我们不能指望好天气。）They can always count upon getting help from her.（他们总能得到她的帮助。）We count on [upon] you to come and help.（我们指望你来帮忙。）You can’t count on [upon] the weather being fine today.（你不能指望今天天气好。）

● depend on也写成depend upon，是本组词组中最常用的，可用于各种文体，可接名词、代词、ing分词或复合结构，也可用于被动语态。如：We must depend mainly on our own efforts in accomplishing the task.（我们必须主要依靠自己的努力来完成这一任务。）At that time I depend on my pen for a living.（那时我靠耍笔杆子为生。）You can’t depend upon the weather being fine for anything you plan in Britain.（在英国，要办什么事是不能指望好天气的。）

● dependent on和dependent upon是形容词词组，常作表语或后置定语。如：Most young Americans hate being dependent on [upon] their parents.（美国大多数年轻人都不愿依赖父母。）This country is heavily dependent upon [on] foreign aid.（这个国家高度依赖外国的援助。）She had a mother entirely dependent on [upon] her.（她有一个完全靠赡养的母亲。）They don’t want to be dependent on [upon] their parents.（他们不想靠他们的父母供养。）

● lean on或lean upon可互换。多用主动形式。如：They lean more heavily on [upon] the sweet potatoes.（他们大部食物靠红薯。）The article leans heavily upon [on] modern cliches.（这篇文章通篇充斥现代的陈词滥调。）They always lean on [upon] us when they are in trouble.（他们遇到麻烦时总是依靠我们。）She often leans on her husband’s advice.（她经常听从她丈夫的意见。）

● look to往往含求助之意。如：We looked to you for help.（我们指望你的帮助。）People whose homes have been flooded are looking to the government for help with the cost.（遭受水灾的人指望政府补贴重建家园的费用。）I look to you to give support to the movement.（我希望你对这个运动给予支持。）The nation looks to its army as the chief means of defence.（国家依赖其军队作为主要的防御手段。）

● reckon on和reckon upon相同，属正式用语，其用法基本同count on; count upon和bank on,常可互换。如：You can always reckon on [upon] Bob, he’ll never fail you.（你什么时候都可以依靠鲍勃，他不会使你失望。）Don’t reckon on [upon] the weather being fine for your garden party.（别指望天气好转你们可以开花园舞会。）He reckoned on [upon] a large reward if he succeeded. （他如成功，可得重奖。）His promises can’t always be reckoned upon [on]. （他的许诺并不永远靠得住。）

● rely on或rely upon是这组词组中最常用的词组之一，其含义和depend on, depend upon相同，常可互换。如：The city relies on the tourist industry for the jobs.（该城市依赖旅游业提供就业机会。）They can’t be relied on to offer much help.（不要指望他们会给多少帮助。）You can’t rely on [upon] the weather being fine for anything you plan in Britain.（在英国你不能干什么事都指望好天气。）Don’t rely on [upon] going abroad for our holiday. We may not be able to afford it.（别指望到国外去度假了，我们可能拿不出那么多钱。）

● rest on和rest upon是正式用语，均及物。如：The industry in Britain rests on [upon] a broad and firm base.（英国的工业有广泛坚实的基础。）Keats’ reputation as a great poet rests largely on [upon] the Odes and the later sonnets.（作为一个伟大的诗人，济慈的声誉大部分建立在他写的颂歌和后期的十四行诗上。）All our hopes rested upon [on] this venture.（我们的一切希望都寄托在这次冒险上了。）The bridge rests on [upon] stone arches.（这座桥靠石拱支撑着。）