This book systematically elaborates the course of China's development in science and technology, from a period of strength in ancient times, through its deterioration in early modern times, to its contemporary advance towards rejuvenation. The author presents representative examples of important inventions and creations from ancient China and explains how China was influenced by the world revolution in science and technology of early modern times. He paints a magnificent panorama in which the New China of the 1950s advances in the realm of science, goes on to take science and technology as the primary productive force, and implements the strategy of innovation-driven development. He also describes the scientific and technological progress and innovations in the process of China's modernization, and envisages the general trend of scientific and technological innovation in the new era. The book is an excellent work that interprets China's current developments and future national rejuvenation from the distinctive perspective of its traditions and achievements in science and technology.