第三节　脑血管病诊断思路小结

脑血管病是严重危害人类健康和生命的常见病、多发病，其病因、发病机制、病理类型、临床征象较为复杂。在进行诊断时，我们首先要详细询问患者病史及临床症状，进行详细的体格检查，将体征与病史结合分析，明确疾病的解剖定位并提出进一步的推测。合理利用实验室及多模态影像学检查手段，准确判定脑血管病的性质，明确责任血管以及颅内灌注、缺血半暗带情况、侧支循环等，合理制订急性期的诊疗方案，并进一步对疾病的病因、机制进行分型诊断，对疾病进行分层管理，为长期二级预防策略的制订提供准确的依据。

（张莉莉　唐春花）

思考题

1．脑血管病的分类有哪些？

2．脑血管病的诊断步骤有哪些？

3．脑血管的影像评估手段有哪些？

4．脑出血后预示血肿扩大的特征性影像学表现有哪些？

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