Abstract

After the Russo-Japanese War，Japan was ready to seize the Russian original rights and interests in the northeast of China. In November 27，1906，under the guidance of the colonial thought of “cultural forces，military equipment” by Shinpei Gotoh，Japan established the South Manchuria Railway Company in Dalian（simply called Manchuria Railway），to Chinese Northeast center for political and economic plunder of China aggression. Its aggression against China was mainly realized all rights and interests in China by seizing. Manchuria Railway not only controled Chinese Northeast railway construction and management right，the mining right and the right to use the land，business lease，forest tree felling right，also to China through borrowing and jointly organized by the right way，railway，harbor，run a variety of plant expansion，offer a variety of agricultural and animal husbandry experiment and geological survey on China northeast，further achieve the purpose of aggression against China.

Manchuria Railway won the rights in Northeast China，and actively launched a war of aggression against China with the Kwantung Army. From the broking out of the “nine·one eight” incident to Japan launched an all-out war of aggression against China，the Manchuria Railway played not only a supporting role in the whole process of the effect，but a joint action with the Kwantung Army. After the outbreak of “Nine·one eight” incident，Manchuria Railway that under the command of the Kwantung Army established and organized a large number of military transportation，and special military trains moving to Shenyang. Manchuria Railway also sent a large number of members in the Kwantung Army departments military planning，drafting documents throughout the Northeast Autonomous Kwantung Army，helped the Kwantung Army controlling the fiscal and financial in Northeast China. Manchuria Railway is also actively to the Kwantung Army to collect intelligence，then political，economic，diplomatic，industry，transportation and other information provided directly to the Kwantung Army and the local army garrison.

Manchuria Railway is also actively cooperate in the establishment of the Kwantung Army planning “the puppet regime in Manchuria” during the investigation delegation to the Lytton Commission，Manchuria Railway not only actively required by the Kwantung Army，many secret talks with the Kwantung Army，to formulate a response to the Lytton Commission strategy，but also the rapid made all the materials provided to the country joint investigation team，and has led the League of nations investigators visited the Manchuria Railway in the Northeast Agricultural laboratory，geological survey，central laboratory，Manchuria Railway，Manchuria Railway Hospital，library of the school，in order to show the business “pomp” by Manchuria Railway in Northeast China，to cover up the truth that Japan launched the war of aggression against China.

Under the command of the Kwantung Army，President and politician in Manchuria Railway repeatedly with the League of nations investigators talks，the Japanese interests in China，demand. In May 28，1932，Manchuria Railway President Uchida Yasushiya was closeted with Lytton，and to the League of nations investigation delegation “in Manchu and personal relations and Prejudice”，the consistent position on “Manchuria and Mongolia” on the issue of Manchuria Railway，pointed out that “Manchuria” as the life line and the line of benefit is independent of Chinese outside area，Japan must be guaranteed in the “rights” of Manchuria. Uchida Yasushiya said that “Manchuria and Mongolia are not Chinese territory” is the essence of modern Japan’s territorial sovereignty of Northeast Chinese attitude. This fully shows that the Manchuria Railway in Japan’s policy of aggression and the role of the position.

The main purpose of this book is in the perspective of the Manchuria Railway and the Lytton Commission，focusing on the Lytton Commission during the period of investigation after the outbreak of the “nine·one eight” incident，investigation delegation to Manchuria Railway “activity”，in the base of analysis and consolidation of the Japanese original records，combined with the international background at that time and the environment in Japan，during the comprehensive analysis and interpretation of Manchuria Railway in the NL investigation delegation to the “activities” objective，clear the “nine·one eight” incident after the outbreak of the Lytton Commission report published in archives of the role，then reveals the role of Manchuria Railway in the Japanese War of aggression against China in the position.

This study will use the history，the theory of international relations and international political theory，tries to explain the following questions：1）Manchuria Railway as a modern Japan in Chinese biggest “national policy company”，plays an important role in the Japanese aggression against China，from “nine·one eight” incident broke out to Japan to provoke a war of aggression against China，Manchuria Railway as an important helper Kwantung Army has played an important role；2）during the Lytton Commission to China，Manchuria Railway in the Kwantung Army under the command of，and actively participate in the “coping” scheme to the League of nations investigation team，and with the Kwantung Army several consultations，prior to the various “explain” material；3）Manchuria Railway’s key person repeatedly talk with the Lytton Commission members in Japan，“Manchuria and Mongolia” territorial ambitions and aggression desire，Uchida Yasushiya repeatedly talking with Lytton stressing the Japanese special rights and interests in the “Manchuria and Mongolia”，Uchida said “Manchuria and Mongolia are not Chinese territory”，this is come down in one continuous line and modern Japanese invasion of northeast Chinese policy；4）the mission report published without satisfied the “desire” of Japan government，but the report said the sino-Japanese war is an aggression war in the objective view，this should be given the correct evaluation；5）the mission description about Japan in the China Northeast Railway Rights in the report，most of its contents and Manchuria Railway submitted to the Lytton Commission “note” consistent material，this is very worthy of attention. Contents and items of this study focused on solving the problem and its executives and officials with the Lytton Commission closeted，Manchurian Railway provide “that” material which to the Lytton Commission，China representative “that quote” problem，and the Japanese military action and the world public opinion after report issued by the Lytton Commission，this is an important problem which not thoroughly solved studies before.

Keywords：The South Manchuria Railway Company；The Lytton Commission；Aggression Against China；Position and Role