04 白宫为空袭叙伊边境亲伊朗民兵组织辩护
白宫新闻秘书萨基表示，美国总统拜登“相信他昨天宣布的空袭是必要的、适当的、经过深思熟虑的行动，旨在限制事态升级的风险”。
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全文共624个词，by Aime Williams, Lauren Fedor, Chloe Cornish, in Washington, in Beirut
The White House on Monday defended air strikes launched over the weekend on the facilities of two Iran-backed militia groups on the border between Syria and Iraq, the second such attack by the Biden administration in four months.
周一，白宫为上周末对叙利亚和伊拉克边境两个伊朗支持的民兵组织设施发动空袭进行了辩护，这是乔·拜登(Joe Biden)政府4个月来第二次发动此类袭击。
Jen Psaki, White House press secretary, said President Joe Biden “feels confident that the strikes that he announced yesterday were necessary, appropriate and deliberate actions designed to limit the risk of escalation”.
白宫新闻秘书珍·萨基(Jen Psaki)表示，美国总统拜登“相信他昨天宣布的空袭是必要的、适当的、经过深思熟虑的行动，旨在限制事态升级的风险”。
The attacks risk stoking tensions in the region just over a week after Ebrahim Raisi, a hardliner, won Iran’s presidential election.
这些袭击有可能加剧该地区的紧张，强硬派的易卜拉欣·莱希(Ebrahim Raisi)一周多以前刚刚赢得伊朗总统选举。
John Kirby, Pentagon press secretary, said operational and weapons storage facilities, which were being used to launch drone strikes against US troops and facilities, were targeted in Syria and Iraq.
美国五角大楼新闻秘书约翰·柯比(John Kirby)表示，美国打击了叙利亚和伊拉克的作战和武器储存设施，这些设施之前被用于对美军及其设施发动无人机攻击。
Kirby said late on Sunday that the air strikes were “defensive” and a response to an “ongoing series of attacks by Iran-backed groups targeting US interests in Iraq”. He added that they were being used by several Iran-backed militias including Kata’ib Hizbollah and Kata’ib Sayyid al-Shuhada.
柯比上周日晚间表示，空袭是“防御性的”，是为了应对“伊朗支持的组织针对美国在伊拉克利益持续的系列袭击”。他补充说，目标设施被多个伊朗支持的民兵组织使用，包括真主党旅(Kata'ib Hizbollah)和赛义德烈士旅(Kata'ib Sayyid al-Shuhada)。
“The United States took necessary, appropriate and deliberate action designed to limit the risk of escalation — but also to send a clear and unambiguous deterrent message,” Kirby said.
柯比表示：“美国采取了必要的、适当的、经过深思熟虑的行动，旨在限制事态升级的风险，但同时也发出了清晰而明确的威慑信号。”
Photo credit: Getty images
Psaki said Biden had acted “to defend US personnel” and the White House had notified several members of Congress before the strikes, adding: “We are also in close touch with partners in the region.”
萨基表示，拜登采取行动是为了“保卫美方人员”，而且白宫在空袭前通知了多名国会议员，她补充说：“我们还与地区内合作伙伴保持了密切联系。”
The Iraqi Resistance Co-ordination, an umbrella group which claims to represent pro-Tehran militias, said in a statement that three fighters were killed in the strikes. A spokesperson for Kata’ib Sayid al-Shuhada pledged “open war” with America. Local news reports put the death toll at between four and six.
声称代表亲伊朗民兵组织的“伊拉克抵抗协调组织”(Iraqi Resistance Co-ordination)在一份声明中说，3名战士在空袭中丧生。赛义德烈士旅的发言人誓言与美国展开“公开战争”。据当地新闻报道，空袭造成的死亡人数在4至6人之间。
Iraq’s military also condemned the US attack, calling it “a blatant and unacceptable violation of Iraqi sovereignty”, and adding that the country “renews its refusal to be an arena for score-settling”.
伊拉克军方也谴责美国的袭击，称之为“对伊拉克主权的明目张胆和不可接受的侵犯”，并补充说，伊拉克“再次拒绝充当各方相互报复的场域”。
Biden first ordered strikes against Iranian-backed militias on the Iraq-Syria border in February after a rocket attack in the northern Iraqi city of Erbil killed a civilian contractor and injured several others, including a member of the US military.
今年2月，拜登首次下令空袭伊朗支持的伊叙边境民兵组织，此前伊拉克北部城市埃尔比勒(Erbil)发生火箭弹袭击，造成一名平民合同工死亡，包括一名美军人员在内的多人受伤。
Iraq is home to myriad militant groups that are backed by Iran and which regularly launch rocket and drone attacks against Iraqi bases hosting US troops and American facilities in the country.
伊拉克境内有不计其数的伊朗支持的民兵组织，这些组织经常向有美军驻扎的伊拉克基地和伊拉克境内的美国设施发动火箭弹和无人机袭击。
The attacks have increased in frequency after the Trump administration assassinated Qassem Soleimani, Iran’s most powerful commander, and Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis, a senior Iraqi militia leader, in a US drone strike near Baghdad airport in January 2020.
特朗普(Trump)政府于2020年1月在巴格达机场附近发动无人机袭击，暗杀了伊朗最有权力的指挥官卡西姆·苏莱曼尼(Qassem Soleimani)和伊拉克民兵高级领导人阿布·迈赫迪·穆汉迪斯(Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis)，此后伊拉克民兵提高了袭击的频率。
Saeed Khatibzadeh, spokesman for Iran’s foreign ministry, said the Biden administration was heading in the wrong direction and following the “failed” policies of its previous president. He added that the US was “disrupting security in the region”, warning that it would be “one of the victims of such disruptions”.
伊朗外交部发言人赛义德·哈提卜扎德(Saeed Khatibzadeh)表示，拜登政府正走在错误的方向上，跟随了前总统的“失败”政策。他补充说，美国正在“破坏地区内的安全”，并警告称，美国将是“此类破坏的受害者之一”。
“We recommend that the new US government reform its path instead of [following] such emotional behaviours, creating crisis . . . problems and dilemmas for people in the region,” Khatibzadeh told reporters in his weekly press conference on Monday.
周一，哈提卜扎德在每周例行记者会上对媒体表示：“我们建议美国新政府改正自己的路线，而不是（遵循）这种情绪化做法，为地区内的人民制造危机……问题和困境。”
The declared aim of many of the militant groups is to avenge the deaths of Soleimani and Muhandis — heroes to Shia militias. After Soleimani’s death, Iran vowed to drive US forces out of the region.
许多民兵组织宣称的目标是为苏莱曼尼和穆汉迪斯复仇——两人是什叶派民兵的英雄。苏莱曼尼死后，伊朗誓言将美军赶出该地区。
There are about 2,500 American troops based in Iraq, where US and Iran rivalries play out.
约2500名美国军人驻扎在伊拉克——美国和伊朗在这里发生对抗。
Photo credit: Getty images
The US strikes on Sunday followed the election of Raisi, a conservative cleric and judiciary chief, which gave regime hardliners control of all branches of the Islamic republic for the first time in almost a decade. Raisi takes up the presidency in August.
美国上周日发动空袭之前，保守派神职人员和司法总监莱希当选伊朗总统，这让伊朗政权的强硬派近10年来首次控制了该伊斯兰共和国所有权力。莱希将于8月就任总统。
The attack comes at a sensitive time as the Biden administration and world powers seek to secure an agreement with Iran that will lead to the US rejoining the 2015 nuclear accord Tehran signed with world powers.
此次袭击正值一个敏感时期，当下拜登政府和世界大国正寻求与伊朗达成协议，从而让美国重新加入2015年伊朗与世界大国签署的核协议。
The deal’s remaining signatories — the UK, Germany, France, China and Russia — have held several rounds of talks in Vienna to revive the agreement.
协议的其余签署国——英国、德国、法国、中国和俄罗斯——已经在维也纳举行了数轮谈判，以重启协议。
Hostilities between the US and Iran escalated after the Trump administration unilaterally withdrew from the deal in 2018 and imposed waves of sanctions on the Islamic republic.
特朗普政府2018年单方面退出该协议，并对伊朗实施了多轮制裁，此后美伊之间的敌对升级。
Biden has said the US will rejoin the deal and lift many sanctions if Iran returns to full compliance with the agreement. Tehran insists the US must lift all sanctions.
拜登已表示，如果伊朗恢复全面遵守协议，美国将重新加入协议，并解除多项制裁。伊朗坚称，美国必须解除所有制裁。
But the Biden administration is also under pressure from US politicians, Israel and Washington’s Arab partners to take a tough line on Iran’s support for regional militias and its missile programme. Iran has vowed not to roll back its support for regional militias or curb expansive missile programmes even if it means the US does not lift sanctions.
但拜登政府也受到来自美国政界、以色列和美国在阿拉伯的盟友的压力，要求美国对伊朗支持地区民兵及其导弹计划采取强硬态度。伊朗誓言不会撤回对地区民兵的支持，也不会遏制大规模导弹项目，即使这意味着美国不解除制裁。
Photo credit: Getty images
Asked about the nuclear deal on Monday, Psaki said: “We continue to believe . . . that Iran is a bad actor in the region, and they have taken part in and supported and participated in problematic, extremely problematic behaviour, in our view.”
周一，在被问及核协议时，萨基表示：“我们继续相信……伊朗是该地区的不良行为者，在我们看来，他们涉足、支持并参加了极其有问题的行为。”
“At the same time, we [are] . . . seeking the opportunity to move forward on negotiations to prevent Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapon, [which] is in our national interest.”
“同时，我们（正在）……寻找继续谈判的机会，以防止伊朗获取核武器，（这）符合我们的国家利益。”
Additional reporting by Monavar Khalaj in Tehran
莫纳瓦尔·哈拉杰(Monavar Khalaj)德黑兰补充报道
本文6月29日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为 US launches air strikes on Iran-backed militia targets