Hashing

This is also a cryptography-based technique where the original data is converted to an irreversible form. Let's see the mathematical form for this:

Here, unlike in the case of encryption, we cannot use the output to discover what the input is.

Let's see a few examples to understand this better:

We can see that depending upon the encryption algorithm we have used, the output size varies. Another thing to note is that a given hash function produces the same output size irrespective of the input size.