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It's worth noting that pip doesn't have true dependency resolution; it will simply install the first file specified. Thus, it is possible to have dependency conflicts or a sub-dependency that doesn't match the actual requirement. This is why a requirements file is useful, as it alleviates some dependency problems.
Verifying hashes also ensures that a package can't be changed without its version number changing as well, such as in an automated server deployment. This is an ideal situation for efficiency, as it eliminates the need for a private index server that maintains only approved packages.