［1］卫生部统计信息中心，全国肿瘤防治研究办公室.中国恶性肿瘤危险因素研究.北京：中国协和医科大学出版社，2003：75-102

［2］李连弟，张思维，鲁凤珠，等.中国恶性肿瘤死亡谱及分类构成特征研究.中华肿瘤杂志，1997，19（5）：323-328

［3］Heide J，Schmittel A，Kaiser D，et al.Controversies in the treatment of advanced stages of small cell lung cancer.Front Radiat Ther Oncol，2010，42：193-197

［4］National Lung Screening Trial Research Team.The National Lung Screening Trial：Overview and Study Design.Radiology，2011，258（1）：243

［5］Kitajima T，Nishii K，Ueoka H，et al.Recent improvement in lung cancer screening：A comparison of the results carried out in two different time periods.Acta Med Okayama，2006，60（3）：173

［6］Naidich DP，Marshall CH，Gribbin C，et al.Low-dose CT of the lungs：Preliminary observations.Radiology，1990，175（3）：729

［7］Sone S，Shodayu T，Li F，et al.Mass screening for lung cancer with mobile spiral computed tomography scanner.Lancet，1998，351（9111）：1242

［8］Henschke CI，McCauley DI，Yankelevitz DF，et al.Early Lung Cancer Action Project：Overall design and findings from baseline screening.Lancet，1999，354（9173）：99

［9］International Early Lung Cancer Action Program Investigators，Henschke CI，Yankelevitz DF，Libby DM，et al.Survival of patients with stage I lung cancer detected on CT screening.N Engl J Med，2006，355（17）：1763

［10］James R.Screening and early detection of lung cancer.Lung Cancer.2003，41（Suppl 3）：$52

［11］Aberle DR，Adams AM，Berg CD，et al.Reduced Lung-Cancer Mortality with Low-Dose Computed Tomographic Screening.The New England Journal of Medicine.2011；365（5）：395-409

［12］Tammemägi MC，Katki HA，Hocking WG，et al.Selection criteria for lung-cancer screening.N Engl J Med.2013；368（8）：728-736

［13］Stanbrook MB，Flegel K.A pause for thought on lung cancer screening.CMAJ，2009，180（8）：793

［14］Saccomanno G，Archer VE，Auerbach O，et al.Development of carcinoma of the lung as reflected in exfoliated cells.Cancer，1974，33（1）：256-270

［15］王永才.最新脱落细胞病理诊断学多媒体图谱.北京：人民军医出版社，2006：72-77

［16］胡建平.诱导痰技术对肺癌细胞学的诊断作用.中国误诊学杂志，2008，8（4）：841-842

［17］吴春霖，曾奕明，吴佩琴，等.肺细胞针吸取微小组织学与细胞学检查诊断价值的探讨.中华病理学杂志，2002，31（5）：424-426

［18］徐进志，高俭，李野，等.液基细胞学检测对痰脱落细胞诊断的研究.中华肿瘤防治杂志，2007，14（15）：1172-1174

［19］MS Tockm an.Advances in sputum analysis for screening and early detection o f lung cancer.Cancer Control 2000，7（1）B19

［20］M arcus P M，Bergstralh E J，Fager strom RM，et al.Lung cancer mortality in the Mayo Lung Project：I m pact of extend-ed follow-up.J Natl Cancer Inst，2000，92（16）B1308

［21］Kubik AK，Parkin DM，Zatlouka l P.Czech Study on Lung Cancer Screening：Post-trial follow-up of lung cancer deaths up to year 15since enrollment.Cancer，2000，89（S）B2363

［22］晋萍，姚树祥，乔友林，等，1992-1997年云锡矿工肺癌的痰细胞学研究.中国肺癌杂志，2001，4：223-226

［23］Kakihana M，Il KK，Okunaka T，Furukawa K，et al.Early Detection of Bronchial Lesions Using System of Autofluorescence Endoscopy（SAFE）1000.Diagn Ther Endosc.1999；5（2）：99-104

［24］Kim SK，Allen-Auerbach M，Goldin J，et al.Accuracy of PET/CT in characterization of solitary pulmonary lesions，2007，48（2）：214-220

［25］YiCA，lee KS，Kim BT，et al.Tissue characterization of solitary pulmonary nodule：Comparative study between helical dynamic CT and integrated PET/CT.J Nucl Med，2006，47（3）：443-450

［26］Kulpa J，Wojcik E，Reinfuss M.et al.Carcinombryonic antigen，squamous cell carcinoma antigen，CYFRA211，and neuron-specific enolase in squamous cell lung cancer patients.Clinical Chemistry.2002，48 （11）：1931-1937

［27］Shibayama T，Ueoka H，Nishii K，Kiura K，Tabata M，Miyatake K，Kitajima T and Harada M：Complementary roles of pro-gastin-releasing peptide（ProGRP）and neuron specific enolase（NSE）in diagnosis and prognosis of small-cell lung cancer（SCLC）.Lung Cancer，2001.32：61-69

［28］魏文启.肺癌标志物联合检测临床意义探讨.医药论坛杂志，2009，30（12）：100-101

［29］罗晨玲，陈清.肺癌病人痰液标本p53基因突变临床流行病学分析.中国肿瘤，2003，12（11）：639-641

［30］Cuda G，GallelliA，Nistico A，et al，Detection of microsatellite instability and loss of heterozygosity in serum DNA of small and non-small cell Lung cancer patients；a tool f or early diagnosis？Lung Cancer，2000，30（3）：211-214

［31］Chen W，Xiong X，Zhou H，et al.Expression of telomerase activity，telomerase RNA component and telomerase catalytic subunit gene in lung cancer.Chin Med J（Engl），2002，115（2）：290-292.

［32］Okamoto A，Demetrick DJ，Spillare EA，et al.Mutations and altered exepression of p16INK 4in human cancer.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA，1994，91（23）：11045-11049

［33］Kel ley MJ，McCrory DC.Prevent ion of lung cancer：summary of published evidence.Chest.2003，123 （1）：50-59

［34］Alavanj a MC.Biologic damage resulting from exposure to tobacco smoke and from radon：implication for preventive interventions.Oncogene，2002，21（48）：7365-7375

［35］Alpha-tocopherol，Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group.The effect of vitamin E and beta-carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers.New Engl J Med，1994，330：1029-1035

［36］Omenn GS，Goodman GE，Thornquist MD，et al.Effects of a combination of beta-carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease.New Engl J Med，1996，334：1150-1155

［37］Lam S，MacAulay C，Le Riche JC，et al.A randomized phase IIb trial of anethole dithiolethione in smokers with bronchial dysplasia.J Natl Cancer Inst，2002，94（13）：1001-1009

［38］Pastorino U，Infante M，Maioli M，et al.Adjuvant treatment of stage I lung cancer with high-dose vitamin A.J Clin Oncol，1993，11（7）：1216-1222

［39］Lippman SM，Lee JJ，Karp DD，et al.Randomized phase III intergroup trial of isotretinoin to prevent second primary tumors in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.J Natl Cancer Inst，2001，93（8）：605-618

［40］Harris RE，Beebe-Donk J，Alshafie GA.et al，Reduced risk of human lung cancer by selective cyclooxygenase 2（COX-2）blockade：results of a case control study.Int J Biol Sci，2007，3（5）：328-334

［41］Parimon T，Chien JW，Bryson CL，et al.Inhaled corticosteroids and risk of lung cancer among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2007，175（7）：712-719

［42］Sin DD，Wu L，Anderson JA，et al.Inhaled corticosteroids and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Thorax，2005，60（12）：992-997

［43］Heimburger DC，Alexander CB，Birch R，et al.Improvement in bronchial squamous metaplasia in smokers treated with foliate and vitamin B12.Report of preliminary randomized，double-blind intervention trial.JAMA，1988，259：1525-1530

［44］Lippman SM，Lee JJ，Karp DD，et al.Randomized phaseⅢintergroup trial of isotretinoin to prevent second primary tumors in stageⅠnon-small-cell lung cancer.J Natl Cancer Inst，2001，93：605-618

［45］Kurie JM，Lotan R，lee JS，et al.Treatment of former smokers with 9-cis-retinoic acid reverses loss of retinoic acid receptor-beta expression in the bronchial epithelium：results from a randomized placebocontrolled trial.J Natl Cancer Inst，2003，95：206-214