2.4 词汇：口语与词汇量正相关？
大家练习口语时总是觉得背诵的词汇越多越好，其实不然。因为即使你会“茴”的几种写法，也不一定能写出好文章。我们不能做孔乙己式的自欺欺人者。在口语练习过程中，更为高效的做法是：牢记优质、地道的词汇，做到随时随地脱口而出，而不是默默背诵十几个同义词但不知道该如何使用。大家一定要掌握两大原则：使用正确(Accurate)；复杂变换(Complex)。
2.4.1 使用正确(Accurate)
使用正确——经常使用的表达观点的词汇，一定要确保用出来是准确的。
在雅思口语考试中，用词、语法首先要确保的是准确度，然后在准确的基础上再考虑表达的难度。在口语考试中，最常出现的问题就是中式英语表达，甚至很多时候考生在使用这些表达时不觉得有任何问题，然而，此时考官已经默默地扣掉了分数。那么，经常出现的中式英语表达有哪些呢?我们一起来看看吧。
中式英语误用样例
Example 1
Interviewer:What do you usually do on weekends?你通常周末做什么?
Candidate: I am busy with doing something on weekends.周末我通常忙一些事。
正解:I am tied up all day on weekends.用I am busy with something来表示“很忙”，这完全是中式表达。说自己很忙，脱不开身，可以用如下表述：I'm tied up.但更为准确且地道的回答应为：I'm fully occupied with study on weekends,such as having classes,doing assignments and preparing for exams.
Example 2
Interviewer:Do you have an English name?你有英文名字吗?
Candidate： I haven't an English name.我没有英文名字。
正解:No,I don't have an English name.不少人讲英语时都会犯这种错误，究其原因是语法功底欠缺。因为句中的have是实义动词，而不是现在完成时中无意义的助动词。所以，否定句中要加助动词。
Example 3
Interviewer:Can you play musical instruments?你会演奏乐器吗?
Candidate： I think I can't.我想我不会。
正解:No,I don't think I can.此处是习惯问题，在语法上称为否定前置，中文说“我想我不会”，而英语则说“我不认为我会”。大家在说类似英文句子的时候，需要多加留心。
Example 4
Interviewer:Do you want to learn how to dance?你想学习如何跳舞吗?
Candidate： I don't dance well and I want to learn it in the future.我的舞跳得不好，将来我想学跳舞。
正解:I am not a very good dancer.当表达“不擅长做某事”时，通常用not good at something，例如I'm not good at dancing.大家遇到类似的表达时也要多加注意，遇到“我不擅长烹饪”“我不擅长运动”等常见雅思口语考试话题时要使用正确的表述。
Example 5
Interviewer:If you got a chance to study a foreign language,what would you like to learn?如果有机会学习一门外语，你想学习什么呢?
Candidate:I want to study English because my English is poor.我想学习英语，因为我的英语很糟糕。
正解:I am not 100%fluent,but at least I am improving.有人开玩笑说，中国人最擅长的一句英文是：My English is poor.事实上，我从未遇到一个美国人对我说：My Chinese is poor.无论他们的中文水平如何，他们都会说:It's hard,but I'm getting better.或者说：I'm still working hard on it.当你告诉考官说你的英语poor时，考官很可能会被你“说服”。于是，你只好准备下一场考试了。
Example 6
Interviewer:Do you think doing sports will be beneficial for us to keep fit?你觉得运动是一种保持健康的好方式吗?
Candidate：Absolutely. My body used to be unhealthy. 的确。我的身体过去不是很健康。
正解:I used to be in poor health./I used to be unhealthy.或者用更高阶的表达：I used to be quite fragile because I frequently suffered from bad cold and high fever.（以前我比较虚弱，因为我经常患重感冒和高烧。）
Example 7
Interviewer:What's your favourite kind of transportation?你最喜欢的交通工具是什么?
Candidate：I like taking buses because the price is cheap.我喜欢坐公交车，因为价钱很便宜。
正解:The price is rather low.描述价格的正确表述是：The price is too high/rather low.注意：price不能用expensive或者cheap修饰。
Example 8
Interviewer:Do you think it's a good idea to keep a pet?你觉得养宠物好吗?
Candidate:Of course!当然!
正解:Sure./Definitely./Absolutely.以英语为母语的人士使用of course的频率要比中国考生低得多，他们只是在回答一些众所周知的问题时才说of course。因为of course隐含的意思是“我当然知道了!难道我是傻子吗?”因此，of course带有挑衅的意味。在交谈时，用sure或certainly会更合适。此外，of course not也含有挑衅的意味。正常情况下语气温和的说法是：Certainly not.或者Actually not.
Example 9
Interviewer:Are there any paintings on your wall?你会在墙上挂一些画吗?
Candidate:Yes.These paintings made me remember my own childhood.是的。这些画让我想起了我的童年。
正解:Yes.Seeing these paintings reminds me of my own childhood.“让某人想起某事”的正确表达是remind sb.of sth.。雅思口语考试中的“是否喜欢拍照、童年游戏、礼物”等话题中经常用到的表达就是“让我想起了我的童年”。大家一定要记住这个正确的表达。
Example 10
Interviewer:Do you like your school?你喜欢你的学校吗?
Candidate:Absolutely.I get a lot of knowledge in the university.是的。我在大学里学到了许多知识。
正解:I learn a lot in the university.或者可以使用高阶表达，如：I accumulate plenty of knowledge and skills in the university,such as communication skills,problem-solving skills and self-learning abilities,which are beneficial for my future job-hunting.(我在大学里积累了大量的知识和技能，比如沟通能力、解决问题能力、自学能力，这些对于我将来找工作非常有好处。)“获得(知识)”也可以用get access to(获得),expand(扩大)等动词来表达。
词汇练习
1.这条裙子的价格挺合适的。
The price of this dress is very suitable.(F)
The price of this dress is right.(T)
解析:suitable(合适的、相配的)最常见的用法是以否定的形式出现在告示或通知上，如：The following TV programs are not suitable for children.(下列电视节目儿童不宜。)而price与right搭配更合适。
2.我不知道这个用英语怎么说。
I don't know how to say it in English.(F)
I don't know how you say it in English.(T)
解析:how to say是常见的中式英语表达之一，而非地道的英文表述。大家需要记住正确的表达。类似的句子有：How do you pronounce this word?(请问这个单词怎么读?)
3.我在周末喜欢参加派对。
I would like to join a party on weekends.(F)
I would like to go to a party on weekends.(T)
解析:join通常指参加俱乐部或者协会，如：join a health club;join the Communist Party.事实上，常常与party搭配的动词是come或者go，如：go to a wild party；come to a Christmas Party.
4.我在教学方面没有经验。
I have no experience in teaching.(F)
I don't know much about teaching.(T)
解析:I have no experience in teaching.是中式表达。事实上我们只需要说“那方面我懂得不多”或者“这方面我不在行”就可以了:I am not really an expert in this area.
5.我喜欢乘坐地铁因为地铁很快。
I like taking a subway since the speed of the subway is fast.(F)
The subway is fast.(T)
解析:“速度快”可以直接用fast表达。或者表述为：The subway goes fast.
2.4.2 复杂变换(Complex)
复杂变换——基础词汇高级化。
经常使用简单词汇的考生可能自己都会觉得单调，那么如何让简单的词汇复杂高级化呢?
词汇具体化、丰富化的变换过程
（续）
转换练习
Question：What do you prefer to do for recreational activities?
5分基础词汇：I like watching TV.I think it's very interesting./I like comedies because they are interesting./I like outdoor activities because they are interesting.
解析:interesting是考生经常使用的表达。interesting本身是非常抽象的表达，不增加细节无法让人理解为何有趣。这也是很多考生觉得自己的回答很好却始终无法突破6分的“元凶”。
6分细节词汇：I enjoy watching TV in my spare time.It can make me feel relaxed.There are many kinds of TV programs,such as talk shows,news shows and soap operas.
解析:该回答不仅给出了喜欢看电视的理由：make me feel relaxed(让我感到放松)，也提到了具体的电视类型：talk shows(谈话类节目),news shows(新闻节目) and soap operas(肥皂剧)。因此，该回答较为充分具体且表达难度有一定的提升。
7+分高级词汇：I am fascinated by watching various kinds of TV programs for leisure activities.I frequently entertain myself by watching talk shows,soap operas and TV play series.It is not only a fantastic way to broaden my vision,but also a great way to get to know the latest information.
解析:该回答中使用了高分表达：be fascinated by(喜欢)；various(各种各样的)；entertain oneself by(自我消遣)。在列出电视节目种类之后还使用了not only...but also结构提及看电视的好处：broaden my vision(拓宽视野)；the latest information(最新的信息)。
高级替换词汇汇总
（续）
词汇替换练习
❶ Chinese people use trees as chopsticks.
解析：把树当作筷子?应该是use trees for making chopsticks，由此可见口语中准确使用动词的重要性。
❷ I think environmental protection is essential but not so important.
解析：逻辑混乱及同义词重复使用。essential和important，环保是至关重要但不是那么重要?
❸ Electricity is one of the greatest invention;without electricity the world would become so dark that a person could not even see a hand in front of his face.
解析：one of后面要加可数名词复数形式，因此应该是one of the greatest inventions。另外，后一分句中缺少至关重要的时间状语at night(在夜间)，否则句子有歧义。
❹ I like reading because it is good for your health.
解析：逻辑混乱。because前后部分没有关联。
❺ As we all know,every advantage has its disadvantage.
解析：表达混乱。正确表述：Every coin has two sides.(任何事物都有两面性。)
❻ The data is very astonished!
解析：“数据非常吃惊”?混淆了现在分词和过去分词的用法，句中应该用astonishing(令人惊讶的)。
❼ At that time,I was studied in the primary school.
解析：“我那时候在小学里被研究?”你是小白鼠吗?应该是I was studying in the primary school.
❽ Traveling can enlarge our eyesight.
解析：旅行能够拓宽我们的视力?应该是broaden our horizon(拓宽我们的视野)。
❾—Are you a student or are you working now?
—Oh,in my opinion,I am a college student.
解析：为什么要加in my opinion?难道别人不承认你是大学生?大家在考试中一定要注意避免生搬硬套结构词，例如：first of all,above all等。
❿China is a big country,so we have four seasons.
解析：小国家就没有一年四季吗?句子表达有歧义，so应改为and。
⓫I study in a computer at home.
解析：谁会在电脑里学习?应该是I study with a computer at home.
⓬Dancing is an indispensable part of people's lives.
解析：indispensable表示“不可或缺的”，难道不会跳舞的人就无法活下去?句意显然不够严谨。