Abstract

The optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure can transferred the factor resources from the lower production efficiency sectors to the higher sectors, thus achieving the optimal allocation of resources and the sustainable growth of the economy. The history of world economic development shows that the long-term economic growth requires the continuous optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. The imbalance of industrial structure can not only reduce the efficiency of economic operation, hinder economic development, but also lead to various social problems such as resource waste, environmental pollution and the expansion of income gap. Therefore, in the context of China's economic new normal and supply side reform, to explore the optimization of industrial structure in the region to become the current academic and government key issues to be solved.

Since the reform and opening up, the economic development of the minority areas made remarkable achievements, but due to the natural conditions and historical reasons, the economic development of the western minority areas long-term lag nationwide, although the reason is in many aspects, but the contradiction between regional industrial structure and factor endowments have become increasingly prominent, has become an important factor influencing, restricting the healthy economy developing. Under the macroeconomic background of the economic new normal and the slowdown of growth, the transfor-mation of the economic structure has become an important way to get out of the current economic predicament. The Guizhou Province as a typical case of the ethnic minority areas are analyzed. The results of the study show that the comparative advantages of Guizhou industrial structure and factor endowments decision deviates, the balanced development in three industries, the overall production efficiency is not high, lack of competitiveness, on the regional economy can be sustainable development is extremely unfavorable. Therefore, in the current economic restructuring of China's key period, Guizhou can seize the opportunity to optimize the industrial structure, related to the sustained and healthy development of the economy in Guizhou province.

According to the traditional structural economics, the optimization of the industrial structure mainly changes from the agricultural society to the industrial society, primary industry leading to the change of the second and the third industry, and even from labor intensive to capital and technology intensive type rotating mode expansion, and that this is a universal applicable standard mode, basically no difference to endowment characteristics of the research area. Facts have proved that, in some areas due to the irrational industrial structure adjustment, contrary to the region's comparative advantage, led to a negative impact on the economy. This paper according to the theory of the new structure economics analysis framework, in accordance with factor endowments determine the region's comparative advantage, and decided to the industrial structure of the area, finally decided to economic development in the region, and then discusses the industrial structure of Guizhou existing problems and optimization.

The main conclusions and innovations of this paper are: ①by collecting the panel data of Guizhou, we find that the imbalance of industrial structure is an important factor that restricts the sustainable and healthy development of Guizhou's economy. ②according to the proportion of capital and labor of the three industries, using a proportional relationship to Construct the index of“comparative advantage”, empirical analysis found that there is a large deviation between the presence of Guizhou industrial structure and comparative advantage, mainly for the first industry capital stock per capita labor force is far lower than the average level of Guizhou as a whole, and the employment of secondary industry absorbing ability is insufficient, and the third industry of the capital output efficiency is low. Therefore should first increase investment in agriculture, realizing agricultural modernization, improving agricultural productivity, accelerate the transfer of rural surplus labor force; secondly, under the constraints of resources and environment to improve industrial development quality which has natural resources advantage; third, scientific planning, improve the tertiary industry of capital using efficiency. ③this paper attempts to analyze the industrial structure of Guizhou province from three dimensions: quantity, quality and space. Guizhou's industrial structure and comparative advantage restricted the efficiency of Guizhou economic development, on the other hand, is not conducive to the sustainable development of the economy of Guizhou and narrowing the income gap, while at the same time the layout of Industrial space layout also need to follow the distribution of regional factor endowment. ④the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure should adapt to the changing trend of the factor endowments and comparative advantage in the future. In this paper, a dynamic analysis and prediction of Guizhou Province capital stock and the employment to population it is found that the next 10 years in Guizhou in the growth of the capital stock is far higher than the rate of labor, therefore Guizhou's industrial structure optimization can be properly configured more capital intensive industries to adapt to rapid growth of Guizhou in the future capital stock. ⑤in the process of industrial structure adjustment, on the one hand should be based on market regulation and the adjustment of industrial structure to adapt to market needs, and the influence factors of demand and supply of products is more complex, so market mechanism adjustment, perhaps, than the government's industrial policy more effective; on the other hand, the government should also follow the principle of comparative advantage, screening leading industries, and make the best use of the circumstances to play an active role, through supply infrastructure and a platform for innovation and entrepreneurship, the introduction of related policy support to promote the optimization of industrial structure upgrade.

In this paper, the main contents are as follows: in the second chapter and the third chapter, reviewed the industrial structure and the new structure economics related theories; the fourth chapter, analyze Guizhou factor endowment conditions; the fifth chapter explore the comparative advantages in Guizhou. The sixth chapter, takes Guizhou Province as an example to analyze the status and characteristics of industrial structure in the national region; the seventh chapter, discussion on the deviation degree of industrial structure and comparative advantage in Guizhou, and then analyzes the comparative advantage and industrial structure in Guizhou's Guizhou line, as well as the impact of economic development in Guizhou, showed a negative significant impact; at the same time, the deviation between industrial structure and comparative advantage of the expanding industrial development gap and the income gap, industrialization has not been widely benefit people; the eighth chapter, analyzes the restricting factors and optimize the industrial structure of Guizhou; the ninth chapter, collects the domestic and foreign industrial structure optimization experience; finally, in the tenth chapter, based on the growth of new structural economics screening theory, put forward the optimization of Guizhou industrial structure policy recommendations, mainly includes the following five aspects: ①due to regional comparative advantage has the dynamic characteristic, so the adjustment of industrial structure and forward-looking; ②screen out leading industry with potential comparative advantages, this paper on the basis of industrial structure, and development to choose according to the actual situation of Guizhou in various industries; ③based on dominant industry the future development of the government, through the introduction of preferential policies to guide and support the development of industries with potential comparative advantage; ④by improving the infrastructure, government reduce the cost of the economy is conducive to the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure; ⑤in addition, combined with the national characteristics of Guizhou area, this paper also put forward recommendations for industrial optimization of national development policy in Guizhou.

Keywords: Minority Areas; Guizhou; Optimization of Industrial Structure; the New Structural Economics