2.4　大气污染物扩散　Air Pollutant Dispersion

2.4.1　烟羽形态　The Shapes of Stack Plumes

1　velocity profile　风速廓线

2　ambient lapse rate　环境温度递减率

3　dry adiabatic lapse rate　干绝热递减率

4　stack　烟囱，排气管

5　plume shape　烟羽形态

6　looping，strong instability　翻卷型，强不稳定

7　coning，near neutral stability　锥型，近中性

8　fanning，surface inversion　平展型，地面大气逆温

9　fumigation，aloft inversion　熏烟型，高处逆温

10　lofting，inversion below stack　上升型，排放口下逆温

11　trapping，inversion below and above stack height　封闭型，排放口上下两侧逆温

2.4.2　局地环流对大气污染的影响　Effects of Atmospheric Circulation in

Localized Areas on Air Pollution

2.4.2.1　海陆风对沿岸地带空气污染的影响　Effect of Ocean Wind and Land Wind on

Air Pollution in Coast-Land

1　cool ocean wind　海洋冷风

2　inversion layer　逆温层

3　dry adiabatic lapse rate　干绝热递减率

4　warm land wind　陆地暖风

5　stack plume　烟羽

6　sea　海面

7　land　陆地

8　stack　烟囱

2.4.2.2　热岛效应　Heat Island Effect

1　cool air of the countryside　乡村冷空气

2　warm air　热空气

3　free air flow　自由空气流

4　dust dome　尘幕

5　city heat island　城市热岛