（二）代词的遗漏
1．人称代词的遗漏
错句1
Her heart sank and could hardly remain standing.
Her heart sank and she could hardly remain standing.
她的心一沉，几乎站不住了。
解析 在错句中，and之后的主语不是第一个分句的主语her heart。
类例
The enemy arrested him and was tortured cruelly.
The enemy arrested him and he was tortured cruelly.
敌人把他抓起来，严刑拷打。
错句2
If work hard, we will surely be successful.
If we work hard, we will surely be successful.
如果努力工作，我们一定会成功。
解析 在错句中，状语从句缺少主语。该句还可以改为现在分词短语作条件状语：“Working hard, we will surely be successful.”
错句3
He likes applied economics and has been studying for three years.
He likes applied economics and has been studying it for three years.
他喜欢应用经济学，已经学了3年。
解析 在错句中，studying之后缺代替economics的宾语it。
类例
This is a very useful English dictionary, and I think you will like.
This is a very useful English dictionary, and I think you will like it.
这是一本很有用的英语词典，我想你会喜欢。
错句4
I would appreciate if you could come and pick me up.
I would appreciate it if you could come and pick me up.
如果你能开车来接我，我会很感激。
解析 如正确句子所示，与条件从句连用时，主句中的谓语动词appreciate需要宾语it。
类例
She won't like if you arrive late.
She won't like it if you arrive late.
你要是迟到，她会不高兴的。
But later, you will know how to do yourself.
But later, you will know how to do it yourself.
不过之后，你自己就知道该怎么做了。
错句5
The boy made a model plane and showed to his mom.
The boy made a model plane and showed it to his mom.
这个男孩制作了一个飞机模型，还给他妈妈看了。
解析 在错句中，介词动词show...to缺少宾语。
错句6
I'd like more time to think over.
I'd like more time to think it over.
我希望有更多的时间仔细考虑一下。
解析 在错句中，相当于及物动词的短语动词think over缺少宾语。
2．物主代词的遗漏
错句7
She was carrying a baby in arms when I saw her yesterday.
She was carrying a baby in her arms when I saw her yesterday.
我昨天见到她时，她抱着一个婴儿。
类例
He held a gun in left hand.
He held a gun in his left hand.
他左手拿着一把枪。
错句8
The children were taken into care when parents died.
The children were taken into care when their parents died.
这些儿童在父母去世后被托管。
类例
An experienced teacher can make classes lively and interesting.
An experienced teacher can make his classes lively and interesting.
经验丰富的教师能够使课堂生动有趣。
3．指示代词的遗漏
错句9
The cost of gas in this area is greater than electricity.
The cost of gas in this area is greater than that of electricity.
该地区的煤气费比电费高。
类例
The total output of 2016 was a lot more than 2015.
The total output of 2016 was a lot more than that of 2015.
2016年的总产量比2015年多得多。
错句10
More scholarships have become available to help students, especially from poor families in the countryside.
More scholarships have become available to help students, especially those from poor families in the countryside.
已经设立了更多的奖学金来帮助学生，尤其是来自农村贫困家庭的学生。
类例
The customs in my hometown are different from here.
The customs in my hometown are different from those here.
我家乡的风俗和这里不一样。
4．不定代词的遗漏
错句11
I asked him for some sugar, and he gave me.
I asked him for some sugar, and he gave me some.
我跟他要点糖，他给了我。
错句12
He is more responsible than any teacher in this school.
He is more responsible than any other teacher in this school.
他的责任心比该校其他任何教师都强。
5．反身代词的遗漏
错句13
Guests are encouraged to avail of the full range of hotel facilities.
Guests are encouraged to avail themselves of the full range of hotel facilities.
酒店鼓励客人充分利用其各种设施。
解析 在正确句子中，avail oneself of(利用)是动词固定用法，反身代词不可缺少。
类例
He had absented from the office for the day.
He had absented himself from the office for the day.
那天他没去办公室上班。
解析 在正确句子中，absent oneself from(缺席)是动词固定用法，反身代词不可缺少。
She always prides on her appearance.
She always prides herself on her appearance.
她总是对自己的外貌感到得意。
解析 在正确句子中，pride oneself on(以……为荣或骄傲)是动词固定用法，反身代词不可缺少。
6．关系代词的遗漏
错句14
He often thinks of those people in his country are leading a miserable life.
He often thinks of those people in his country who are leading a miserable life.
他常常想起过着困苦生活的同胞。
解析 该句还可改为：“He often thinks of those people in his country leading a miserable life.”
类例
There was a man on the bus shouted suddenly.
There was a man on the bus who shouted suddenly.
公共汽车上有一名男子突然叫喊起来。
解析 该句还可改为：“There was a man on the bus shouting suddenly.”
Mr.Johnson, lives next to me, is a successful businessman.
Mr.Johnson, who lives next to me, is a successful businessman.
住在我隔壁的约翰逊先生是一位成功的商人。
解析 该句还可改为：“Mr.Johnson, living next to me, is a successful businessman.”
错句15
Causes for this phenomenon are comprehensive but the major reasons contribute to this problem can be identified from three perspectives.
Causes for this phenomenon are comprehensive but the major reasons which contribute to this problem can be identified from three perspectives.
造成这种现象的原因是多方面的，不过，这个问题的主要原因可以从三个角度理解。
解析 错句的另一种改正方法是，把句中的contribute改为现在分词contributing，从而以现在分词短语作定语。
类例
There are still many problems should be noted and resolved.
There are still many problems which should be noted and resolved.
仍然存在许多应该注意和解决的问题。
解析 该句还可改为：“There are still many problems to be noted and resolved.”
That's the dog killed my cat.
That's the dog which killed my cat.
那就是咬死我的猫的狗。
解析 该句还可改为：“That's the dog having killed my cat.”
错句16
The greatest event occurred last year was my entrance examination.
The greatest event that occurred last year was my entrance examination.
去年发生的最大事件是我的入学考试。