Passage 3 吃垃圾食品成长的一代？ A Generation of Junk Food Eaters?
Step 1 阅读行不行
Fewer than one in three American teenagers eat fruit and vegetables every day, according to a new government study.
Researchers from the National Institutes of Health interviewed 10,000 US students aged 11 to 16 about their diets and found that 74 percent “did not have a healthy pattern”.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stipulates1 that high school aged girls should eat at least 1.5 cups of fruit and 2.5 cups of greens a day, while boys should step it up to two and three cups.
One cup is roughly equal to a medium apple, eight strawberries, 12 baby carrots or one large tomato.
Side effects of eating unhealthily were shown to be malnutrition2 , depression and poor physical health.
Symptoms3 ranged from backaches to headaches and nausea4 .
Along with their eating habits, participants5 were also asked how long they exercised each day.
Findings showed that only around half were physically active for five or more days of the week.
National recommendations state that children and adolescents should do at least 60 minutes of aerobic6 , muscle and bone strengthening exercises each day.
Overall only 27 percent of students were deemed “healthful” — meaning that they regularly exercised, ate fresh produce and avoided junk food.
They also had better emotional health, body image, and general satisfaction with life.
To improve health habits, Dr. lannotti suggests teenagers should walk or bike between home and school and eat more fresh produce each day.
keywords and phrases
1 stipulate /ˈstɪpjʊleɪt/ vt. 规定，约定
2 malnutrition /ˌmælnju:ˈtrɪʃn/ n. 营养不良
3 symptom /'sɪmptəm/ n. 症状，征兆
4 nausea /ˈnɔ:zɪə/ n. 作呕；恶心
5 participant /pɑ:ˈtɪsɪpənt/ n. 参加者，参与者
6 aerobic /eəˈrəʊbɪk/ adj. 有氧的；有氧健身的
phrase to know
junk food 意思是“（制作简单快捷但无益于健康的）垃圾食品，方便食品”。这一说法来自于葡萄牙语。大约500年前，葡萄牙语里有一个单词“junk”，意思是“old pieces of rope（旧缆绳）”。时间一久，这个词的意思逐渐演变为任何可利用的废弃材料。最后，“junk”用来指价值不高或根本没有价值的东西。于是，人们就把没有营养的食物称为“junk food”了。
step up 的字面意思是“走上”，引申为“增加（数量），提高（速度、强度）”之意，如：Their salaries have been much stepped up. 表示“他们的工资已大大提高了”。
Step 2 手写行不行
★ 合同中规定了有效期。(stipulate)
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★ 在非洲有大批孩子死于严重营养不良。(malnutrition)
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★ 医生叫她留心有无头痛的症状。(look out for)
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★ 他吃过章鱼之后感到恶心。(a feeling of nausea)
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★ 你应该积极地参与讨论。(be expected to be)
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★ 有氧运动有助于消耗脂肪并缓解抑郁。(burn up)
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Step 3 口语行不行
Q1 How do you define junk food？你如何定义垃圾食品？
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Q2 Can you give several examples of junk food？你能举几个垃圾食品的例子吗？
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Q3 Are you a junk food eater? Why？你吃垃圾食品吗？为什么？
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试题解答篇
Step 2 手写行不行答案
1．The term of validity is stipulated in the contract.
2．In Africa, thousands of children died from severe malnutrition.
3．The doctor told her to look out for symptoms of headaches.
4．He was overcome with a feeling of nausea after eating octopus.
5．You are expected to be an active participant in the discussion.
6．Aerobic exercise helps you to burn up fat and relieve depression.
Step 3 口语行不行答案
1．Junk food is a slang term for food that is of little nutritional value and often high in fat, sugar, salt, and calories.
2．Foods commonly considered junk foods include salted snack foods, gum, candies, sweet desserts, fried fast food, and sugary carbonated beverages. Many foods such as hamburgers, pizzas, and tacos can be considered either healthy or junk food depending on their ingredients and preparation methods.
3．I am not a junk food eater. Eating junk food can have a significant impact on my health. Though many people enjoy eating junk food and think it tastes great, the health consequences can be serious, and can range from low energy levels to weight gain and illness.