Chapter 2科技类 Techno log y
List 4
noteworthy美[‘noʊtwɜːrði] ★★★
adj. 值得注意的；显著的
➢ She has made noteworthy progress. 她取得了显著的进步。
近义词 notable; remarkable; significant
prestige美[pre’stiːʒ] ★★★★
n. 威望；声望
➢ The universities of Oxford and Cambridge have high prestige. 牛津大学和剑桥大学享有很高的声望。
近义词 influence; reputation
high-ranking美[haɪ‘ræŋkɪŋ] ★★★
adj. 级别高的；高级的
➢ Some high-ranking officers plotted to overrun the government. 几名高级官员策划推翻政府。
搭配
➢ high-ranking official 高级官员
近义词 high-level; senior; upper-level
reward美[rɪ’wɔːrd] ★★★★★
n. 报答；赏金；报酬
vt. 奖赏；给……报酬
➢ Children are rewarded for good behaviour. 孩子们因良好的行为而得到奖励。
搭配
➢ a reward for… 作为……的回报
近义词 prize; payment
blame美[bleɪm] ★★★★★
vt. 责备；把……归咎于
n. 责备；过失
➢ Some people blame scientists for the bad effects of technology. 一些人把技术带来的不好影响归咎于科学家。
搭配
➢ blame hastily 草率地责怪
近义词 criticize; condemn
prejudice美[‘predʒudɪs] ★★★★★
n. 偏见；伤害
➢ A new law has been introduced to eliminate racial prejudice. 一项新的法律已被引入以消除种族歧视。
搭配
➢ arouse prejudice 引起偏见
➢ break down prejudice 消除偏见
近义词 partiality; favoritism
exception美[ɪk'sepʃn] ★★★
n. 例外；不合规则；反对
➢ There is no exception to this rule. 这条规则也不例外。
➢ without exception 没有例外地
➢ make an exception 破例
近义词 exclusion
conversely美[‘kɑːnvɜːrsli] ★★★★
adv. 相反地
➢ What you do every day builds your life or, conversely, destroys it.你每天所做的事情都是建立你的生活，或者相反地，毁掉你的生活。
近义词 on the other hand; on the contrary
abuse美[ə'bjuːs] ★★★★★
n. 滥用；恶习
vt. 滥用；辱骂；虐待
➢ Physical abuse and neglect of children should draw public attention.身体虐待和忽视儿童应该引起公众的注意。
搭配
➢ child abuse 虐待儿童
➢ alcohol abuse 酗酒
近义词 misuse
catastrophe美[kə’tæstrəfi] ★★★
n. 大灾难；大祸；彻底失败
➢ Earthquake is a terrible catastrophe. 地震是场可怕的灾难。
搭配
➢ natural catastrophe 自然灾害
➢ financial catastrophe 财政困难
ill-intentioned美[‘ɪlɪnt’enʃnd] ★★★
adj. 恶意的
➢ Ill-intentioned people use technology for evil purposes. 恶意的人用技术来作恶。
近义词 vicious
commit美[kə’mɪt] ★★★★★
v. 犯（罪）；许诺；委托；把……托付给
➢ The company is comm itting a crime on innocent citizens. 该公司正在对无辜的公民实施犯罪。
搭配
➢ commit a crime 犯罪
➢ comm it a suicide 自杀
immoral美[ɪ'mɔːrəl] ★★★★
adj. 不道德的
➢ It is immoral to make profits at the cost of environment. 以环境为代价获利是不道德的。
近义词 unethical; improper
deed美[diːd] ★★★
n. 行为；事迹
➢ It is not hard to do a good deed, but it is hard to do good deeds all the time. 做一件好事并不难，难的是一直做好事。
搭配
➢ in word and deed 在言行上
近义词 act; behavior
epoch-making美[‘epək ‘meɪkɪŋ] ★★★
adj. 划时代的；意义深远的
➢ The invention of the computer is epoch-making. 计算机的发明是划时代的。
近义词 historical; profound; significant
medical美[‘medɪkl] ★★★★★
adj. 医疗的；医学的；医药的
➢ Society should provide a comprehensive medical care system for its dwellers. 社会应该为其居民提供一个全面的医疗保障体系。
搭配
➢ medical treatment 医疗
➢ medical care 医疗护理；医疗服务
legally美[‘liːɡəli] ★★★
adv. 合法地；法律上
➢ He is legally responsible for the accident. 他对这次事故负有法律责任。
近义词 law fully; officially
immediate美[ɪ'miːdiət] ★★★★
adj. 直接的；最接近的；立即的；目前的
➢ This question demands immediate attention. 这个问题需要及时关注。
搭配
➢ immediate actions 立即行动
➢ immediate cause 直接原因
➢ immediate family 直系亲属
近义词 direct
vt. 容忍；忍耐
vi. 忍耐；持久；持续
➢ This belief have endured throughout the ages. 这种信念世代相传至今。
近义词 bear; last
inhabitation美[ɪnˌhæbə'teɪʃən] ★★★
n. 居住
➢ With the increase of aging population, it is urgent to improve inhabitation environment of the old people. 随着老龄人口的增加，改善老年人的居住环境刻不容缓。
近义词 habitation; residence
so lely美[‘soʊlli] ★★★★
adv. 独自地；单独地；完全地
➢ Usually people make decisions based solely on what they know. 通常，人们仅仅依据他们知道的东西做决定。
近义词 entirely; merely
complexity美[kəm’pleksəti] ★★★
n. 复杂；复杂性；复杂的事物
➢ There is increasing recognition of the complexity of the causes of this problem. 人们越来越认识到这个问题的原因的复杂性。
近义词 complication; complicacy
private美[‘praɪvət] ★★★★
adj. 私人的；个人的；私下的；私有的
➢ The government restricts the ownership of private cars in big cities.政府限制大城市私家车的拥有量。
➢ inprivate 私下地；秘密地
近义词 personal
exhaust美[ɪɡ'zɔːst] ★★★
v. 使筋疲力尽；耗尽
n. 排气装置；废气
➢ Frequent overwork can exhaust you physically and mentally. 频繁加班会使你身心疲惫。
➢ Industrial exhaust must be well treated. 工业废气必须妥善处理。
搭配
➢ exhaust strength 用尽力气
➢ industrial exhaust 工业废气
➢ exhaust emission 废气排放
discharge美[dɪs’tʃɑːrdʒ] ★★★
v. 排出；释放；解雇；放电；解除；清偿债务
➢ Sewage and toxic waste were discharged directly into the sea. 污水和有毒废料被直接排放入海。
搭配
➢ discharge…into river 把……排入河流
近义词 release
average美[‘ævərɪdʒ] ★★★★
adj. 平均的；一般的；通常的
➢ The course is difficult for average high school students. 这门课对普通高中学生来说很困难。
搭配
近义词 common; normal; ordinary
dump美[dʌmp] ★★
vt. 倾倒；抛弃；倾销
vi. 倾倒；突然落下
➢ Sealed containers of waste have been dumped into the sea. 装有废料的密封容器被倾倒在海里。
近义词 unload; discard; abandon
household美[‘haʊshoʊld] ★★★★
n. 家庭；户
adj. 家庭的；家喻户晓的
➢ An increasing number of households have at least one car. 越来越多的家庭拥有至少一辆车。
搭配
➢ household chores 家务活
➢ household expense 家庭费用
近义词 family; domestic
waste美[weɪst] ★★★
n. 废物；浪费；荒地
v. 浪费；滥用；消耗
➢ Only small amounts of household waste is recycled. 只有很少的家庭垃圾得到了回收利用。
搭配
➢ nuclear waste 核废料
➢ waste a good opportunity 失去良机
environm ent-friend ly美[en’vaɪərənmənt’frendli] ★★★★★
➢ waste treatment 废料处理
近义词 rubbish
treatment美[‘triːtmənt] ★★★★
n. 治疗；对待；处理
➢ This is a new method of water treatment. 这是一种水处理的新方法。
近义词 cure; remedy; process
walk美[wɔːk] ★★★
n. 步行；散步；人行道；行业；阶层
➢ People from all walks of life make the society functions well. 各行各界人士都使社会运转良好。
搭配
➢ all walks of life 各行各业
adj. 有利于环境的
➢ China endeavors to build an environment-friendly society and realize sustainable development. 中国努力建设环境友好型社会，实现可持续发展。
authority美[ə'θɔːrəti] ★★★★
n. 权力；官方；当局；职权；权威
➢ Teachers have the authority to discipline students. 教师有管教学生的权威。
➢ Government is the highest authority of a country. 政府是国家的最高权力机构。
搭配
➢ abuse authority 滥用职权