Word List 05

recourse / ˈriːkɔːrs /

n. 求援，求助 resorting to help when in trouble

Peaceful negotiation enabled its members to settle their differences without recourse to war.

fatalism / ˈfeɪtəlɪzəm / 阅

n. 宿命论 belief that events are determined by forces beyond one’s control

He didn’t believe in fatalism and had been struggling with fate.

realm / relm / 阅

n. 王国；领域 kingdom; field or sphere

Lu Xun’s achievements were hardly comparable in the realm of Chinese literature.

relinquish / rɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃ / 阅

v. 放弃，交出 give up something with reluctance; yield

Once you get used to a luxurious lifestyle, it’s very hard to relinquish it.

surmount / sərˈmaʊnt / 阅

v. 战胜，克服 overcome

How could a boy without hands surmount all his physical disabilities and play the piano so well?

barricade / ˌbærɪˈkeɪd / 阅

n. 匆匆设置的壁垒或路障；障碍（物） hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle

Demonstrators set up barricades in the center of the city.

chasten / ˈtʃeɪsn / 阅

v. 惩戒；（通过惩罚而使坏习惯等）改正 discipline; punish in order to correct

The teacher said to her students: “I chasten you just because of love.”

quorum / ˈkwɔːrəm /

n. 法定人数 number of members necessary to conduct a meeting

There were not enough deputies to make a quorum at the meeting, so the proposal was in suspense.

entitlement / ɪnˈtaɪtlmənt /

n. （拥有某物的）权利；津贴 right to claim something; right to benefits

The employers take their full holiday entitlements.

impenetrable / ɪmˈpenɪtrəbl /

adj. 不能穿过或进入的；令人费解的 not able to be pierced or entered; beyond understanding

After crossing over the mountain, what in front of them was an impene-trable jungle.

mores / ˈmɔːreɪz /

n. 风俗，习惯；道德观念 conventions; moral standards; customs

In Pakistan, we should follow the mores of their people, dressing in traditional veil and robes.

quintessence / kwɪnˈtesns / 阅

n. 精华，典范 purest and highest embodiment

His books revealed the quintessence of American literature.

disaffected / ˌdɪsəˈfektɪd /

adj. 不忠的，不满的 disloyal

The fire at the factory is believed to have been started by two disaffected former employees.

diversity / daɪˈvɜːrsəti / 阅

n. 不同点，多样性 variety; dissimilitude

He has wide knowledge as well as a diversity of interests.

sublime / səˈblaɪm / 阅

adj. 庄严的，崇高的，雄伟的；完全的 exalted or noble and uplifting; utter

All the Chinese people deeply admire Premier Zhou Enlai’s sublime devotion to the cause.

opus / ˈoʊpəs /

n. 作品，杰作 work

He is playing the Beethoven’s Piano Sonata in E minor, Opus 90.

catalyst / ˈkætəlɪst / 阅

n. 催化剂 agent which brings about a chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged

Some chemical reactions cannot happen without catalysts.

unwarranted ■ / ʌnˈwɔːrəntɪd / 阅

adj. 无保证的；无理的；无根据的 unjustified; groundless; undeserved

The medical check-up proved that his fears were unwarranted.

furtive ■ / ˈfɜːrtɪv / 阅

adj. 偷偷摸摸的，隐秘的 stealthy; sneaky

She cast a furtive glance at him.

anthropologist / ˌænθrəˈpɑːlədʒɪst / 阅

n. 人类学家 people who study the history and science of mankind

The anthropologists have made great contribution to our understanding of the human evolution.

sectarian / sekˈteriən / 阅

adj. 宗派的，派系的；思想狭隘的 relating to a religious faction or subgroup; narrow-minded; limited

This bloody massacre arose from sectarian violence.

leniency / ˈliːniənsi / 阅

n. 宽大，仁慈 mildness; permissiveness

The judge rejected pleas for leniency and sentenced the thief to one year in prison.

fathom ● / ˈfæðəm / 阅

v. 弄清，搞懂；调查 comprehend; investigate

Nobody could fathom what his meaning was.

denotation / ˌdiːnoʊˈteɪʃn / 阅

n. 意义；指示，符号 meaning; distinguishing by name

A good dictionary will give us the connotation of a word as well as its denotation.

faze / feɪz / 阅

v. 使发窘，使惊慌失措 disconcert; dismay

She is a person whom nothing can faze.

outmoded / ˌaʊtˈmoʊdɪd / 阅

adj. 过时的，老式的 no longer stylish; old-fashioned

The style of her clothes has become thoroughly outmoded.

phlegmatic / fleɡˈmætɪk / 阅

adj. 沉着的，冷静的 calm; not easily disturbed

My father, naturally phlegmatic, would be stirred only if he believed that something was really wrong.

depose ● / dɪˈpoʊz /

v. 废黜（君主）；免职 dethrone; remove from office

The emperor attempted to depose the Pope.

anonymous / əˈnɑːnɪməs / 阅

adj. 匿名的 having no name

The mayor received an anonymous letter, disclosing his secretary was involved in last week’s accident.

antithesis / ænˈtɪθəsɪs /

n. 对比；对立面 contrast; direct opposite of or to

Tom’s rudeness shows a strong antithesis of Jerry’s good manners.

convene / kənˈviːn / 阅

v. 召集 assemble

Every Monday morning the manager convenes and presides over our department meeting.

bolster ■ / ˈboʊlstər / 阅

v. 支持，加强 support; reinforce

The President’s speech bolstered the public’s confidence.

intrinsic / ɪnˈtrɪnsɪk / 阅

adj. 固有的，内在的，本质的 essential; inherent; built-in

An intrinsic quality of human is love.

stupefy ● / ˈstuːpɪfaɪ / 阅

v. 使恍惚；使茫然 make numb; stun; amaze

The father’s fierce and abrupt slap on his face stunned and stupefied him.

amnesty / ˈæmnəsti / 阅

n. 大赦，赦免 pardon

Usually the new emperor declared a general amnesty.

moribund / ˈmɔːrɪbʌnd / 阅

adj. 垂死的 dying

Our priority is rightly to stimulate our moribund housing market.

incredulous / ɪnˈkredʒələs / 阅

adj. 怀疑的；不轻信的 withholding belief; skeptical

I was incredulous before seeing the evidence.

impecunious ● / ˌɪmpɪˈkjuːniəs / 阅

adj. 没有钱的，身无分文的 without money

He was impecunious because he was addicted to gambling.

cardinal / ˈkɑːrdɪnl / 阅

adj. 主要的，基本的 chief

As a teacher, my cardinal task is to make the students love my class.

rescind ● / rɪˈsɪnd / 阅

v. 废除，解除，取消 cancel

The two parties rescinded the contract after mutual consultation.

aboriginal / ˌæbəˈrɪdʒənl / 阅

adj. 土著的；原始的，初步的 being the first of its kind in a region; primitive n. 土著居民 native

Many Americans acknowledge that they should know something of the aboriginal culture and religion.

expatriate / ˌeksˈpeɪtriət / 阅

n. 流亡者；移民，侨民 exile; someone who has withdrawn from his native land

Mary is an American expatriate living in China.

ambiguous ■ / æmˈbɪɡjuəs / 阅

adj. 暧昧的，含糊其辞的 unclear or doubtful in meaning

Lisa’s ambiguous attitude led to his misunderstanding that she fell in love with him.

appall / əˈpɔːl / 阅

v. 使胆寒，使惊骇 dismay; shock

The massacre appalled the whole world.

myriad / ˈmɪriəd / 阅

n. 无数，极大数量 very large number adj. 无数的；多种的 both numerous and diverse

A myriad of lights twinkled like stars in our city.

benevolent ■ / bəˈnevələnt / 阅

adj. 乐善好施的 generous; charitable

The old lady living next door is a benevolent woman.

exposure / ɪkˈspoʊʒər / 阅

n. 暴露；揭露；公开 risk, particularly of being exposed to disease or to the elements; unmasking; act of laying something open

We should avoid exposure to sunlight in case of burning the skin.

imply / ɪmˈplaɪ /

v. 暗示；意味 suggest a meaning not expressed; signify

What did the writer imply by using that metaphor?

physiological / ˌfɪziəˈlɑːdʒɪkl / 阅

adj. 生理学的 pertaining to the science of the function of living organisms

Both physiological and psychological aspects should be taken into consideration to fully understand this disease.

relent / rɪˈlent / 阅

v. 让步 give in

The central government will not relent in their fight against corrupt officials.

renown / rɪˈnaʊn / 阅

n. 名望，声誉 fame

Chinese writer Mo Yan has gained international renown since he won Nobel Prize for Literature.

disputatious ■ / ˌdɪspjuˈteɪʃəs / 阅

adj. 爱争论的，好辩的 argumentative; fond of arguing

He is disputatious, which makes him not get on well with his classmates.

aloof ■ / əˈluːf / 阅

adj. 疏远的，冷漠的 apart; reserved

It is irresponsible for the public to hold themselves aloof from government’s corruption.

ideology / ˌaɪdiˈɑːlədʒi / 阅

n. 思想体系，思想意识 system of ideas of a group

They embraced a totally different ideology.

circumlocution ● / ˌsɜːrkəmləˈkjuːʃn / 阅

n. 累赘的说法，迂回的说法 indirect or roundabout expression

“If I had the money, I would lend you. ” is the circumlocution for “I can’t lend you the money.”

creed / kriːd / 阅

n. 信条 system of religious or ethical belief

To take part not to win is the creed of the Olympic Games.

title / ˈtaɪtl / 阅

n. 所有权；称号，头衔；标题，名称 right or claim to possession; mark of rank; name (of a book, film, etc.)

The prestigious economist was awarded the title honorary professor by the university.

premeditate / ˌpriːˈmedɪteɪt /

v. 预谋，预先考虑 plan in advance

The gang had premeditated the robbery for a month, casing the bank every day and scheming the best way to escape.

recurrent / rɪˈkɜːrənt / 阅

adj. 复发的，周期性发生的 occurring again and again

Every time when he suffered from recurrent bouts of depression, he thought of committing suicide.

fancy / ˈfænsi / 阅

n. 想法；一时的兴致；爱好 notion; whim; inclination

Susan is always full of fancies.

mediate / ˈmiːdieɪt / 阅

v. 仲裁，调停 settle a dispute through the services of an outsider

The United Nations must mediate the struggle for oil resources.

blunder / ˈblʌndər / 阅

n. 错误 error v. 做错 to make a mistake

It was too late before I recognized that I had made a terrible blunder.// The police blundered badly by arresting the wrong man.

despot / ˈdespɑːt / 阅

n. 暴君；专制者 tyrant; harsh, authoritarian ruler

That emperor was a cruel despot.

pandemonium / ˌpændəˈmoʊniəm / 阅

n. 大混乱，喧闹 wild tumult

Pandemonium broke out as the criminal ran into the street shouting.

prowess / ˈpraʊəs / 阅

n. 威力，英勇 extraordinary ability; military bravery

Olympic Games is a perfect opportunity for all athletes to show their physical prowess.

minute / maɪˈnjuːt / 阅

adj. 微小的 extremely small

The wedding was planned in the minutest detail.

metamorphosis / ˌmetəˈmɔːrfəsɪs / 阅

n. 变形；变态 change of form; major transformation

A frog is produced by metamorphosis from a tadpole.

fledgling / ˈfledʒlɪŋ / 阅

adj. 无经验的 inexperienced

Compared with other parts, we are fledgling in this part.

expertise / ˌekspɜːrˈtiːz / 阅

n. 专业知识；专业技术 specialized knowledge; expert skill

If you lack the technical expertise, you can’t deal with the problems that arise.

ecologist / iˈkɑːlədʒɪst / 阅

n. 生态学家 a person concerned with the interrelationship between living organisms and their environment

The ecologist committed himself to studying climate changes.

rebuff / rɪˈbʌf / 阅

v. 回绝，驳斥 snub; beat back n. 断然拒绝 a blunt or abrupt repulse or refusal, as to an offer

She rebuffed his proposal so cruelly that he decided to revenge her.

malleable / ˈmæliəbl / 阅

adj. 有延展性的，可锻造的 capable of being shaped by pounding; impressionable

Gold is a malleable metal, easily shaped into necklaces and earrings.

laud ■ / lɔːd / 阅

v. 称赞，赞美 praise

He lauded the work of the former President.

homogeneous ■ / ˌhoʊməˈdʒiːniəs / 阅

adj. 同种类的，同性质的 of the same kind

The participants of the experiment are homogeneous.

fundamental / ˌfʌndəˈmentl / 阅

adj. 基础的，基本的，根本的 basic; primary; essential

Public support is fundamental to a stable politic situation.

ratiocination / ˌreɪʃioʊsɪˈneɪʃn /

n. 推理，推论 reasoning; act of drawing conclusions from premises

The little boy has great gift for ratiocination and dreams of becoming a detective.

annex / əˈneks /

v. 附加；吞并 attach; take possession of

This country annexed a large territory from its neighbor.

brunt / brʌnt /

n. 冲击，主要冲力 main impact or shock

Who do you think will bear the brunt of unemployment?

chaotic / keɪˈɑːtɪk / 阅

adj. 混乱的 in utter disorder

After the heavy snow, the traffic in the city was chaotic.

cogent / ˈkoʊdʒənt / 阅

adj. 使人信服的 convincing

The employee gave some cogent reasons for her promotion.

terminology / ˌtɜːrməˈnɑːlədʒi / 阅

n. 术语 terms used in a science or art

English learners only need to have a nodding acquaintance with certain terminology.

ambulatory / ˈæmbjələtɔːri /

adj. 能够走动的，不需卧床的 able to walk; not bedridden

The doctor said John was an ambulatory patient.

preamble / priˈæmbl / 阅

n. 序言 introductory statement

The doctor gave the bad news to the patient’s family without preamble.

kindle / ˈkɪndl / 阅

v. 点燃；激起 start a fire; inspire

Jack has learned how to kindle a fire by rubbing two dry sticks together.

replete ● / rɪˈpliːt / 阅

adj. 饱满的，充分供应的 filled to the brim or to the point of being stuffed; abundantly supplied

The happy lovers cannot resist the temptation to purchase the fancy flat which is replete with every modern convenience.

puerile / ˈpjʊrəl /

adj. 幼稚的，孩子气的 childish; immature

I spent a whole evening scanning the puerile programs on every channel.

fictitious / fɪkˈtɪʃəs / 阅

adj. 虚构的，想象的 imaginary

The story her boyfriend told her was fictitious.

angular / ˈæŋɡjələr /

adj. 有角的；固执的，死板的 sharp-cornered; stiff in manner

His angular face makes him popular among the girls.

minutiae / mɪˈnuːʃiiː /

n. 微小的细节 petty details

Julia is so careless that she often ignores the minutiae of her daily life.

verity / ˈverəti / 阅

n. 真实，真实性；真理 quality of being true; lasting truth or principle

They are trying to test the verity of the financial information.

lexicon / ˈleksɪkən /

n. 词典 dictionary

This lexicon is just what I want for my study.

précis / preɪˈsiː / 阅

n. 大纲，摘要 concise summing up of main points

It took Bill two hours to work out the précis of the article.

placid / ˈplæsɪd / 阅

adj. 安静的，平静的 peaceful; calm

The moonlight turned the placid ocean into a sea of silk.

mammal / ˈmæml / 阅

n. 哺乳动物 a vertebrate animal whose female suckles its young

A whale is a kind of mammal just like a dog or a cat.

accomplice / əˈkɑːmplɪs /

n. 同谋，帮凶 partner in crime

It is said the criminal has three accomplices.

grudging / ˈɡrʌdʒɪŋ / 阅

adj. 不愿的，勉强的；吝惜的 unwilling; reluctant; stingy

Finally, they provided us with grudging assistance.

ethos / ˈiːθɑːs / 阅

n. （个人或团体的）精神特质 underlying character of a culture, group, etc.

It is the ethos of diligence that makes this nation strong.

implement ■ / ˈɪmplɪment / 阅

v. 使生效，执行；向…提供工具 put into effect; supply with tools n. 工具，器具 tool

New policies has been implemented to expand domestic demand. // Man’s earliest implements were carved from stone and bone.

deducible /dɪˈduːsəbl /

adj. 可推断的 derived by reasoning

It is deducible from the fact.

coercion ■ / koʊˈɜːrʒn / 阅

n. 强迫，强制 use of force to get someone to obey

Marriage under coercion is voidable.

pique / piːk /

n. 不悦，生气 irritation; resentment v. 激起；使生气 provoke or arouse; annoy

When Jack asked Alice to marry him, she declined out of nothing more than pique. // She was uncompromisingly hostile to him, which piqued his curiosity.

discretion / dɪˈskreʃn / 阅

n. 谨慎；决定能力 prudence; ability to adjust actions to circumstances

Use your own discretion as you’ve grown up.

liaison / liˈeɪzɑːn / 阅

n. 合作，交流；私通 communication and co-operation between units of an organization

Liaison between police forces and computer specialists is vital to combat cyber crime.

onus / ˈoʊnəs / 阅

n. 负担；责任，义务 burden; responsibility

The onus is on government departments to disclose details of the diplomatic negotiation.

dissolution / ˌdɪsəˈluːʃn / 阅

n. 瓦解；消散；解除 breaking of a union; decay; termination

The dissolution of the partnership made the company suffer a lot.

retaliation / rɪˌtæliˈeɪʃn / 阅

n. 报复，报仇 repayment in kind (usually for bad treatment)

The armed forces were on high alert to guard against any retaliation.

witticism ● / ˈwɪtɪsɪzəm /

n. 妙语，俏皮话 witty saying; wisecrack

He tries to create a relaxed atmosphere with an occasional witticism.

crux / krʌks / 阅

n. 关键点 crucial point

The crux of the matter is whether the policy is correct.

apolitical / ˌeɪpəˈlɪtɪkl /

adj. 不关心政治的 having an aversion or lack of concern for political affairs

Many people remain apolitical in that country.

metaphor / ˈmetəfər / 阅

n. （修辞）暗喻 implied comparison

In literary works the rose is often a metaphor for love.