29 ascribe to; attribute to; charge off to; charge to; put down to

● 以上词组均表“把……归因于”之意，主语为人，to为介词，接名词及名词词组。

● ascribe to和attribute to两者均较正式，可换用，一般用主动语态。如：She ascribed [attributed] her failure to fate.（她把失败归咎于命运。）He modestly ascribed [attributed] all the glory to his mates.（他谦虚地把一切荣誉归功于他的同事们。）She attributed [ascribed] her success to many years of hard work.（她把自己的成功归因于多年的努力工作。）This loss of human lives can be ascribed [attributed] to three main causes.（导致这次人员死亡的主要原因有三个。）

● charged off to; charge to两者可互换，多用于美国口语，如：They charged the accident to her.（他们把此事故归罪于她。）His mistake must be charged off to inexperience.（他的失误一定是由于缺乏经验。）They charged the fault to my carelessness.（他们把这个过失归咎于我的疏忽。）He charged off the mistake to inexperience.（他把该错误归咎于经验不足。）

● put down to中put为及物动词，宾语可放在down的前后，可用于被动语态，并可代以上词组。如：Don’t put the mistake down to him.（别把错误推给他。）The outbreak of cholera was put down to bad drinking water.（此次霍乱的流行是由不清洁的水引起的。）Must we put all this down to mere chance?（是不是一定要把这一切说成是机会造成的？）Mary wondered why she felt so weak, but never put it down to lack of food. （玛丽不知道自己为什么感到这样虚弱，却从没想到是吃得太少造成的。）