第38章 ENGLAND UNDER HENRY THE SECOND-PART THE FIRST(6)

There was,at Bristol,a certain EARL RICHARD DE CLARE,called STRONGBOW;of no very good character;needy and desperate,and ready for anything that offered him a chance of improving his fortunes.There were,in South Wales,two other broken knights of the same good-for-nothing sort,called ROBERT FITZ-STEPHEN,and MAURICE FITZ-GERALD.These three,each with a small band of followers,took up Dermond's cause;and it was agreed that if it proved successful,Strongbow should marry Dermond's daughter EVA,and be declared his heir.

The trained English followers of these knights were so superior in all the discipline of battle to the Irish,that they beat them against immense superiority of numbers.In one fight,early in the war,they cut off three hundred heads,and laid them before Mac Murrough;who turned them every one up with his hands,rejoicing,and,coming to one which was the head of a man whom he had much disliked,grasped it by the hair and ears,and tore off the nose and lips with his teeth.You may judge from this,what kind of a gentleman an Irish King in those times was.The captives,all through this war,were horribly treated;the victorious party making nothing of breaking their limbs,and casting them into the sea from the tops of high rocks.It was in the midst of the miseries and cruelties attendant on the taking of Waterford,where the dead lay piled in the streets,and the filthy gutters ran with blood,that Strongbow married Eva.An odious marriage-company those mounds of corpse's must have made,I think,and one quite worthy of the young lady's father.

He died,after Waterford and Dublin had been taken,and various successes achieved;and Strongbow became King of Leinster.Now came King Henry's opportunity.To restrain the growing power of Strongbow,he himself repaired to Dublin,as Strongbow's Royal Master,and deprived him of his kingdom,but confirmed him in the enjoyment of great possessions.The King,then,holding state in Dublin,received the homage of nearly all the Irish Kings and Chiefs,and so came home again with a great addition to his reputation as Lord of Ireland,and with a new claim on the favour of the Pope.And now,their reconciliation was completed-more easily and mildly by the Pope,than the King might have expected,I think.

At this period of his reign,when his troubles seemed so few and his prospects so bright,those domestic miseries began which gradually made the King the most unhappy of men,reduced his great spirit,wore away his health,and broke his heart.

He had four sons.HENRY,now aged eighteen-his secret crowning of whom had given such offence to Thomas a Becket.RICHARD,aged sixteen;GEOFFREY,fifteen;and JOHN,his favourite,a young boy whom the courtiers named LACKLAND,because he had no inheritance,but to whom the King meant to give the Lordship of Ireland.All these misguided boys,in their turn,were unnatural sons to him,and unnatural brothers to each other.Prince Henry,stimulated by the French King,and by his bad mother,Queen Eleanor,began the undutiful history,First,he demanded that his young wife,MARGARET,the French King's daughter,should be crowned as well as he.His father,the King,consented,and it was done.It was no sooner done,than he demanded to have a part of his father's dominions,during his father's life.This being refused,he made off from his father in the night,with his bad heart full of bitterness,and took refuge at the French King's Court.Within a day or two,his brothers Richard and Geoffrey followed.Their mother tried to join them-escaping in man's clothes-but she was seized by King Henry's men,and immured in prison,where she lay,deservedly,for sixteen years.Every day,however,some grasping English noblemen,to whom the King's protection of his people from their avarice and oppression had given offence,deserted him and joined the Princes.

Every day he heard some fresh intelligence of the Princes levying armies against him;of Prince Henry's wearing a crown before his own ambassadors at the French Court,and being called the Junior King of England;of all the Princes swearing never to make peace with him,their father,without the consent and approval of the Barons of France.But,with his fortitude and energy unshaken,King Henry met the shock of these disasters with a resolved and cheerful face.He called upon all Royal fathers who had sons,to help him,for his cause was theirs;he hired,out of his riches,twenty thousand men to fight the false French King,who stirred his own blood against him;and he carried on the war with such vigour,that Louis soon proposed a conference to treat for peace.