第27章 ENGLAND UNDER HENRY THE FIRST,CALLED FINE-SCHOLAR(

FINE-SCHOLAR,on hearing of the Red King's death,hurried to Winchester with as much speed as Rufus himself had made,to seize the Royal treasure.But the keeper of the treasure who had been one of the hunting-party in the Forest,made haste to Winchester too,and,arriving there at about the same time,refused to yield it up.Upon this,Fine-Scholar drew his sword,and threatened to kill the treasurer;who might have paid for his fidelity with his life,but that he knew longer resistance to be useless when he found the Prince supported by a company of powerful barons,who declared they were determined to make him King.The treasurer,therefore,gave up the money and jewels of the Crown:and on the third day after the death of the Red King,being a Sunday,Fine-Scholar stood before the high altar in Westminster Abbey,and made a solemn declaration that he would resign the Church property which his brother had seized;that he would do no wrong to the nobles;and that he would restore to the people the laws of Edward the Confessor,with all the improvements of William the Conqueror.So began the reign of KING HENRY THE FIRST.

The people were attached to their new King,both because he had known distresses,and because he was an Englishman by birth and not a Norman.To strengthen this last hold upon them,the King wished to marry an English lady;and could think of no other wife than MAUD THE GOOD,the daughter of the King of Scotland.Although this good Princess did not love the King,she was so affected by the representations the nobles made to her of the great charity it would be in her to unite the Norman and Saxon races,and prevent hatred and bloodshed between them for the future,that she consented to become his wife.After some disputing among the priests,who said that as she had been in a convent in her youth,and had worn the veil of a nun,she could not lawfully be married-against which the Princess stated that her aunt,with whom she had lived in her youth,had indeed sometimes thrown a piece of black stuff over her,but for no other reason than because the nun's veil was the only dress the conquering Normans respected in girl or woman,and not because she had taken the vows of a nun,which she never had-she was declared free to marry,and was made King Henry's Queen.A good Queen she was;beautiful,kind-hearted,and worthy of a better husband than the King.

For he was a cunning and unscrupulous man,though firm and clever.

He cared very little for his word,and took any means to gain his ends.All this is shown in his treatment of his brother Robert-Robert,who had suffered him to be refreshed with water,and who had sent him the wine from his own table,when he was shut up,with the crows flying below him,parched with thirst,in the castle on the top of St.Michael's Mount,where his Red brother would have let him die.

Before the King began to deal with Robert,he removed and disgraced all the favourites of the late King;who were for the most part base characters,much detested by the people.Flambard,or Firebrand,whom the late King had made Bishop of Durham,of all things in the world,Henry imprisoned in the Tower;but Firebrand was a great joker and a jolly companion,and made himself so popular with his guards that they pretended to know nothing about a long rope that was sent into his prison at the bottom of a deep flagon of wine.The guards took the wine,and Firebrand took the rope;with which,when they were fast asleep,he let himself down from a window in the night,and so got cleverly aboard ship and away to Normandy.

Now Robert,when his brother Fine-Scholar came to the throne,was still absent in the Holy Land.Henry pretended that Robert had been made Sovereign of that country;and he had been away so long,that the ignorant people believed it.But,behold,when Henry had been some time King of England,Robert came home to Normandy;

having leisurely returned from Jerusalem through Italy,in which beautiful country he had enjoyed himself very much,and had married a lady as beautiful as itself!In Normandy,he found Firebrand waiting to urge him to assert his claim to the English crown,and declare war against King Henry.This,after great loss of time in feasting and dancing with his beautiful Italian wife among his Norman friends,he at last did.

The English in general were on King Henry's side,though many of the Normans were on Robert's.But the English sailors deserted the King,and took a great part of the English fleet over to Normandy;

So that Robert came to invade this country in no foreign vessels,but in English ships.The virtuous Anselm,however,whom Henry had invited back from abroad,and made Archbishop of Canterbury,was steadfast in the King's cause;and it was so well supported that the two armies,instead of fighting,made a peace.Poor Robert,who trusted anybody and everybody,readily trusted his brother,the King;and agreed to go home and receive a pension from England,on condition that all his followers were fully pardoned.This the King very faithfully promised,but Robert was no sooner gone than he began to punish them.

Among them was the Earl of Shrewsbury,who,on being summoned by the King to answer to five-and-forty accusations,rode away to one of his strong castles,shut himself up therein,called around him his tenants and vassals,and fought for his liberty,but was defeated and banished.Robert,with all his faults,was so true to his word,that when he first heard of this nobleman having risen against his brother,he laid waste the Earl of Shrewsbury's estates in Normandy,to show the King that he would favour no breach of their treaty.Finding,on better information,afterwards,that the Earl's only crime was having been his friend,he came over to England,in his old thoughtless,warm-hearted way,to intercede with the King,and remind him of the solemn promise to pardon all his followers.