第41章 HOLE-IN-THE-DAY(2)

Like other able Indians who foresaw the inevitable downfall of their race,he favored a gradual change of customs leading to complete adoption of the white man's ways.In order to accustom the people to a new standard,he held that the chiefs must have authority and must be given compensation for their services.This was a serious departure from the old rule but was tacitly accepted,and in every treaty he made there was provision for himself in the way of a land grant or a cash payment.He early departed from the old idea of joint ownership with the Lake Superior Ojibways,because he foresaw that it would cause no end of trouble for the Mississippi River branch of which he was then the recognized head.

But there were difficulties to come with the Leech Lake and Red Lake bands,who held aloof from his policy,and the question of boundaries began to arise.

In the first treaty negotiated with the government by young Hole-in-the-Day in 1855,a "surplus"was provided for the chiefs aside from the regular per capita payment,and this surplus was to be distributed in proportion to the number of Indians under each.

Hole-in-the-Day had by far the largest enrollment,therefore he got the lion's share of this fund.Furthermore he received another sum set apart for the use of the "head chief",and these things did not look right to the tribe.In the very next treaty he provided himself with an annuity of one thousand dollars for twenty years,beside a section of land near the village of Crow Wing,and the government was induced to build him a good house upon this land.

In his home he had many white servants and henchmen and really lived like a lord.He dressed well in native style with a touch of civilized elegance,wearing coat and leggings of fine broadcloth,linen shirt with collar,and,topping all,a handsome black or blue blanket.His moccasins were of the finest deerskin and beautifully worked.His long beautiful hair added much to his personal appearance.He was fond of entertaining and being entertained and was a favorite both among army officers and civilians.He was especially popular with the ladies,and this fact will appear later in the story.

At about this time,the United States government took it upon itself to put an end to warfare between the Sioux and Ojibways.Apeace meeting was arranged at Fort Snelling,with the United States as mediator.When the representatives of the two nations met at this grand council,Hole-in-the-Day came as the head chief of his people,and with the other chiefs appeared in considerable pomp and dignity.The wives of the government officials were eager for admission to this unusual gathering,but when they arrived there was hardly any space left except next to the Sioux chiefs,and the white ladies soon crowded this space to overflowing.One of the Sioux remarked:"I thought this was to be a council of chiefs and braves,but I see many women among us."Thereupon the Ojibway arose and spoke in his courtliest manner."The Ojibway chiefs will feel highly honored,"said he,"if the ladies will consent to sit on our side."Another sign of his alertness to gain favor among the whites was seen in the fact that he took part in the territorial campaigns,a most unusual thing for an Indian of that day.Being a man of means and influence,he was listened to with respect by the scattered white settlers in his vicinity.He would make a political speech through an interpreter,but would occasionally break loose in his broken English,and wind up with an invitation to drink in the following words:"Chentimen,you Pemicans (Republicans),come out and drink!"From 1855to 1864Hole-in-the-Day was a well-known figure in Minnesota,and scarcely less so in Washington,for he visited the capital quite often on tribal affairs.As I have said before,he was an unusually handsome man,and was not unresponsive to flattery and the attentions of women.At the time of this incident he was perhaps thirty-five years old,but looked younger.He had called upon the President and was on his way back to his hotel,when he happened to pass the Treasury building just as the clerks were leaving for the day.He was immediately surrounded by an inquisitive throng.Among them was a handsome young woman who asked through the interpreter if the chief would consent to an interview about his people,to aid her in a paper she had promised to prepare.