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cartmen， sabot - (wooden shoe) makers， thatchers， stone-cutters， dealers in rabbit-skins， day laborers， unemployed craftsmen， many without any pursuit， or mere vagabonds who had already participated in riots or jacqueries， bar flies， having given up work and designated for a public career only by their irregular habits and incompetence to follow a private career. - Even in the large towns， it is evident that discretionary power has fallen into the hands of nearly raw barbarians； one has only to note in the old documents， at the Archives， the orthography and style of the committees empowered to grant or refuse civic cards， and draw up reports on the opinions and pursuits of prisoners. "His opinions appear insipid (Ces opignons paroisse insipide)[93] . . . . He is married with no children."(Il est marie cent (sans) enfants).. . . Her profession is wife of Paillot-Montabert， she is living on her income， his relations are with a woman we pay no attention to； we presume her opinions are like her husband's."[94] The handwriting， unfortunately， cannot be represented here， being that of a child five years old.[95]

"As stupid as they are immoral，"[96] says Representative Albert， of the Jacobins he finds in office at Troyes. Low， indeed， as their condition may be， their feeling and intelligence are yet lower because， in their professions or occupations， they are the refuse instead of the élite， and， especially on this account， they are turned out after Thermidor， some， it is true， as Terrorists， but the larger number as either dolts， scandalous or crazy， simply intruders， or mere valets. - At Rheims， the president of the district is[97] "a former bailiff， on familiar terms with the spies of the Robespierre régime， acting in concert with them， but without being their accomplice， possessing none of the requisite qualities for administration."Another administrator is likewise "a former bailiff， without means， negligent in the highest degree and a confirmed drunkard." Alongside of these sit "a horse-dealer， without any means， more fit for shady dealings than governing， moreover a drunkard， a dyer， lacking judgment， open to all sorts of influences， pushed ahead by the Jacobin faction， and having used power in the most arbitrary manner， rather， perhaps， through ignorance than through cruelty， a shoemaker， entirely uninstructed， knowing only how to sign his name，" and others of the same character. In the Tribunal， a judge is noted as"true in principle， but whom poverty and want of resources have driven to every excess， a turncoat according to circumstances in order to get a place， associated with the leaders in order to keep the place， and yet not without sensibility， having， perhaps， acted criminally merely to keep himself and his family alive."In the municipal body， the majority is composed of an incompetent lot， some of them being journeymen-spinners or thread twisters， and others second-hand dealers or shopkeepers， "incapable，" "without means，" with a few crack-brains among them： one， "his brain being crazed， absolutely of no account， anarchist and Jacobin；" another， "very dangerous through lack of judgment， a Jacobin， over-excited； " a third， "an instrument of tyranny， a man of blood capable of every vice， having assumed the name of Mutius Sc？vola， of recognized depravity and unable to write." - Similarly， in the Aube districts， we find some of the heads feverish with the prevailing epidemic， for instance， at Nogent， the national agent， Delaporte， "who has the words 'guillotine' and 'revolutionary tribunal' always on his lips， and who declares that if he were the government he would imprison doctor， surgeon and lawyer， who delights in finding people guilty and says that he is never content except when he gets three pounds' weight of denunciations a day." But， apart from these madcaps， most of the administrators or judges are either people wholly unworthy of their offices， because they are "inept，" "too uneducated，" "good for nothing，" "too little familiar with administrative forms，" "too little accustomed to judicial action，" " without information，" "too busy with their own affairs，" "unable to read or write，" or， because "they have no delicacy，" are "violent，" "agitators，" "knaves，" "without public esteem，" and more or less dishonest and despised.[98] - As an example a fellow from Paris， who was at first at Troyes， a baker's apprentice，[99] and afterwards a dancing-master； then he appeared at the Club， making headway， doubtless， through his Parisian chatter， until he stood first and soon became a member of the district.